Contenuti per la categoria: Uguaglianza e non discriminazione

Climate and environmental urgency, usurocracy and poor countries' debt 

ABSTRACT: Questo contributo, come altri precedenti sul tema, è mosso dall'intento di far conoscere ai lettori di questa informata rivista scientifica dibattiti e aggiornamenti destinati a contesti diversi dal diritto canonico e dal diritto ecclesiastico statale, ma indubbiamente vicini per contenuti e metodo di indagine. Si tratta delle battaglie di civiltà contro l'imperialismo internazionale del denaro, condannate dai Pontefici romani e con toni ancora più incisivi da Papa Francesco, al quale è dedicato il seguente scritto in occasione del suo 87° compleanno. Le sue origini remote vanno ricercate nelle lotte contro l'usura della plebe romana, abbracciate da Simon Bolivar e dai suoi epigoni. L'autore del saggio, Avvocato della Santa Sede per il Foro Canonico e Civile, si ricollega alla grande tradizione in questione quando torna sul tema del debito estero dei Paesi poveri, strettamente connesso ai nostri giorni con quello dell'urgenza climatica e ambientale. Si tratta di un elemento nuovo, che arricchisce le acquisizioni sui fallimenti del debito e sulla finanziarizzazione dell'economia mondiale con un approfondimento, dal punto di vista giuridico, della dimensione olistica della natura e della realtà che ci circonda.

ABSTRACT: This contribution, like other previous ones on the subject, is moved by the intent to acquaint readers of this informed scientific magazine with debates and updates intended for contexts other than canon law and state ecclesiastical law, but undoubtedly close in content and method of inquiry. These are the battles of civilization against the international imperialism of money, condemned by the Roman Pontiffs and in even more incisive tones by Pope Francis, to whom the following paper is dedicated on the occasion of his 87th birthday. Its remote origins are to be found in the struggles against usury of the Roman plebs, embraced by Simon Bolivar and his epigones. The author of the paper, Advocate of the Holy See for the Canonical and Civil Forum, reconnects with the great tradition in question when he returns to the subject of the foreign debt of poor countries, closely connected in our days with that of climate and environmental urgency. This is a new element, which enriches the acquisitions on the failures of debt and the financialization of the world economy with a deepening, from a legal point of view, of the holistic dimension of nature and the reality that surrounds us.

SOMMARIO: 1. I quattro NO di Papa Francesco - 2. Dall’Italia al Burkina Faso al Sudafrica - 3. Il ruolo della Santa Sede: in particolare, Francesco e il Nord del mondo - 4. L’Enciclica Laudato si’ e l’Esortazione apostolica Laudate Deum.

Comparare le sentenze in materia di diritto e religione nell'ascesa del populismo giudiziario. Il caso di studio della giurisprudenza sul kirpan in Italia e in Canada

ABSTRACT: Il saggio esplora il rapporto tra simboli religiosi e populismo giudiziario, concentrandosi sulla giurisprudenza relativa al kirpan in Italia e in Canada. In un'epoca di crescente populismo, i simboli religiosi possono essere utilizzati come strumenti di polarizzazione politica e per rinfocolarela narrazione "us-versus-them". La giurisprudenza italiana privilegia le esigenze di pubblica sicurezza rispetto alla libertà religiosa; la giurisprudenza canadese, invece, ammette il porto del kirpan, qualora siano soddisfatte alcune condizioni. L'ambiguità giuridica del kirpan non solo evidenzia la tensione tra libertà religiosa e sicurezza pubblica, ma anche riflette le sfide poste dalla convivenza di diverse identità in una società multiculturale.

ABSTRACT: This essay explores the intersection of religious symbols and judicial populism, focusing on the case-law related to the kirpan in Italy and Canada. In an era of rising populism, religious symbols become political tools, creating an “us-versus-them” narrative. The kirpan, a Sikh ritual dagger, can serve as a case-study for judicial populism, examining contrasting approaches in Italian and Canadian case-law. Italian case-law prioritizes public safety over religious freedom, while Canadian case-law adopts a nuanced approach, accommodating the wearing of the kirpan under some conditions. The kirpan’s legal ambiguity highlights the tension between religious freedom and public safety, reflecting the broader challenges of recognizing different identities in a multicultural society.

SUMMARY: 1. Religious symbols, populism, and judicial populism - 2. Methodology and research questions - 3. The kirpan as a case-study for judicial populism - 4. Judicial populism in action: the Italian case-law - 5. Precautions against judicial populism: the Canadian case-law - 6. Countering judicial populism.

Against a “white justice”. The tortuous relation between slavery, race and law *

ABSTRACT: The present article aims to analyze slavery as a specific and global phenomenon, meaning it as a condition of subordination of one man to another man. I will analyze the pro-slavery and anti-slavery arguments, the Critical Race Theory’s reflections about the relationship between law and racism, and eventually I will focus on current forms of slavery.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Un percorso storico e giusfilosofico: le argomentazioni a favore della schiavitù ... - 3. (segue) ... e le argomentazioni contrarie alla schiavitù - 4. Disuguaglianza, diritti e razza: la prospettiva della Critical Race Theory - 5. La schiavitù esiste ancora? La tratta di esseri umani - 6. Considerazioni conclusive.

Principle of non-discrimination on the grounds of religion in EU law and national approaches to the "neutrality" of the public employee 

ABSTRACT: For the first time, the Court of Justice of the European Union has been called upon to give a preliminary ruling on prohibition on wearing visible signs of political, philosophical or religious belief imposed by a public employer, from the perspective of the principle of non-discrimination on the grounds of religion enshrine in the Council Directive 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 (establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation). After a look at principles of State neutrality in France, Germany and Belgium, the paper examines this issue by taking a cue from the Conclusions presented by the Advocate General in case C‑148/22. According to the Author, national identity, to which Article 4(2) TEU refers, leaves in this particular sector a wide margin of discretion to the Member States.

SOMMARIO: 1. Notazioni introduttive - 2. La rivendicazione del diritto della dipendente comunale belga di indossare il velo islamico e l’oggetto della questione sollevata davanti alla Corte di giustizia - 3. Le peculiarità nelle declinazioni nazionali del principio di “neutralità” dei pubblici dipendenti di Francia, Belgio e Germania. La “neutralità esclusiva” francese - 4. (segue) Il caso emblematico della particolare posizione dei genitori che in Francia accompagnano i figli nelle gite scolastiche - 5. (segue) L’approccio tendenzialmente inclusivo della Germania - 6. (segue) Le incertezze interpretative riguardanti la neutralità belga - 7. La sostanziale “privatizzazione” della controversia operata dall’Avvocato generale - 8. Accezioni “forti” e “deboli” di neutralità del pubblico dipendente e il discutibile profilarsi di un loro diverso impatto sull’identità costituzionale degli Stati membri - 9. Una conclusione provvisoria.

ABSTRACT: The article offers a careful analysis on the way the end of the USSR and the growth of the Orthodox presence in the European Union have challenged the concept of canonical territory. In the West, this has produced a phenomenon of the territorialization of the exercise of religious freedom. It is examined how the potential access to the EU of Ukraine, Moldova, Albania and Northern Macedonia will influence the relevance of these Churches in the relations that the Union maintains with them in application of art. 17 TFUE. Indeed, this relation is strengthened by the great consistency of the Orthodox diaspora in the West and by the development and growth of Eparchies abroad, created by the respective national Churches. Therefore, it is appropriate to reflect on the need for identifying self-preservation of all religions and in particular of the Orthodox one, in order to guarantee the balance and orderly development of the Union's institutional political system in a relationship compatible with the needs of separation and secularism of the States. Two key factors are the political crisis of the USSR and the granting of autocephaly to the ecclesiastical communities operating in the states which had become sovereign: this has weakened the Moscow Patriarchate and its role in the Orthodox ecumenical system; at the same time, the ecumenical patriarchate, which claims its exclusive right to grant autocephaly, has proceeded to “contractualize” the nature of his primacy through the structure of the Tomas.

Is it possible to measure religious or belief minority rights?

ABSTRACT: Is it possible to measure how much the legal systems of the European Union countries respect and promote the rights of religious or belief minorities? Based on the findings of the Atlas of religious or belief minority rights research project (https://atlasminorityrights.eu), this article answers the question in the affirmative. The paper is divided into three parts. The first briefly describes the methodology and techniques used to measure minority rights. They are determined by the answers given to some preliminary questions that are discussed in the second part of the contribution. The last section of the article outlines the purpose and value of measuring religious or belief minority rights.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. La misurazione dei diritti delle minoranze di religione e convinzione - 3. L’oggetto e i confini della misurazione - 4. L’utilità della misurazione.

The blanket of silence: fears and hopes

ABSTRACT: The silence of the parties governing the country and those belonging to the opposition persists. Their political orientation on the 'ecclesiastical matters' is yet to be shared, as well as their position on the need for a more general law on religious freedom. The new conservative government keeps silent. There are signs of a possible failure to comply with the pluralistic principle, which is the cornerstone of the secular nature of the State. Between hopes and fears, the latter could prevail.

ABSTRACT: Starting from the hermeneutic value played by the veil issue in analyzing the contemporary dynamics of the right to religious freedom in Europe, the paper will focus on the tension between the modern and contemporary paradigm of this right: a tension that makes its effects felt on the broader Mediterranean scale and that hints at new scenarios of a postmodern European right to religious freedom.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduction - 2. Separation: The Matrix of Freedom of Religion as a Right of Modernity - 3. Islam and Separation: Modernity Stumbles - 4. A Broader Scenario: The Mediterranean Backdrop - 5. Prospects for a Post-modern Right to Freedom of Religion.

Religious freedom and reform (unfinished) of the penitentiary system

ABSTRACT: The article analyzes the possible alliance between religion and the re-educational finality of criminal sanctions in the actions of application of the art. 27, par. 3, of the Italian Constitution. The reflection also realizes a reconstruction of the legal discipline of religious freedom in the penitentiary system also with reference to the relationship with the security needs present in detention institutions. The final part is dedicated to the incomplete reform of the Italian penitentiary system in the part relating to religious freedom.

SOMMARIO: 1. L’alleanza tra religione e finalità rieducativa delle pene nelle dinamiche di attuazione dell’art. 27 (terzo comma) della Costituzione - 2. La libertà religiosa nell’ordinamento penitenziario - 3. Esigenze di sicurezza e previsione di limiti ulteriori all’esercizio della libertà religiosa negli istituti penitenziari - 4. L’incompiuta riforma dell’ordinamento penitenziario nella parte relativa alla libertà religiosa.

Re-thinking social inclusion in the sustainability’s perspective

ABSTRACT: This essay critically discusses some theoretical problems related to the relationship between social inclusion and sustainability. In particular, it highlights that this is a two-way relationship that takes place within the representation of a concrete universal. The reflection is divided into three moments: first, the concept of sustainability is investigated in relation to the idea of future and then the concept of inclusion is investigated in relation to both identity and participation.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Un futuro possibile, un futuro in comune - 3. Inclusione e identità - 4. Inclusione e partecipazione.