Contenuti per la categoria: Secolarizzazione

SOMMARIO: 1. Oggetto del presente contributo e metodologia di ricerca - 2. Analisi giuridica e rilievi critici - 3. Il paradigma morale interno - 4. La dinamica evolutiva - 5. Conclusioni.

The Alabama Human Life Protection Act: juridical criticisms, moral contradictions and policy implications

ABSTRACT: The paper aims at analyzing and highlighting potential juridical criticism of the recent abortion law referred to as The Alabama Human Life Protection Act and verifying if the positive judgments, expressed by the international pro-life movement, and the potential legal, social and policy developments, triggered by this legislation, are consistent with the moral principles of the movement itself.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Il quadro costituzionale in Pakistan - 3. La tutela del sentimento religioso nel codice penale pakistano - 4. Il quadro costituzionale tedesco - 5. La tutela del sentimento religioso nel codice penale tedesco - 6. Conclusioni.

The delicate constitutional Balance between Freedom of Speech and the Protection of religious Sentiment: comparative Profiles

ABSTRACT: The article focuses on the issue of freedom of speech and freedom of religion from the point of view of two countries with specific legislation in place (Pakistan and Germany). In particular, we will examine the two Constitutions and the two Criminal Law, which proved to have very different ways of expressing their sensitivity and a great attention to the religious sentiment of the population.

SOMMARIO: 1. Linee di lettura - 2. La guarigione forzata: i fatti di Vilnius - 3. Il percorso giudiziario che conduce alla decisione di Strasburgo - 4. La dissenting opinion: brevi appunti sul metodo -5. Il sofferto cammino della libertà religiosa tra fede, stregoneria e follia - 6. La forza terapeutica della libertà religiosa: “capacità-libertà” di credere e diritto di guarire - 7. La funzione politica della religione in terra lituana: semi di neo-confessionismo - 8. La sfida dell’inclusione dell’altro da sé: scelte etero-spirituali e prudentia iuris.

Religion and healing: religious freedom and the principle of self-determination in matters of mental health (Salus aegroti suprema lex o voluntas aegroti suprema

ABSTRACT: The case before the Court of Strasbourg, projects us into the most sacred and private dimension of the life of the human being: that of religious options. In the present case, a young woman with behavioral disorders, manifested even before joining the group close to the Movement founded by the Indian Master Osho, following undergoes a series of medical treatments obligatory that force her to the suspension of the religious practices to which she usually devotes for her own psychophysical well-being. But according to the opinion of the doctors these practices compromised the applicant's mental health status, representing a serious and ascertained danger. The doctor becoming the promoter of his patient's health, ends up interfering in the personal sphere of the girl's religious sentiment, trying to modify the choices deemed to be non-conforming to tradition and prejudicial to health, without scientific evidence and, exclusively, on basis of presumptions and religious prejudices. The facts give rise to some considerations on the methods and criteria for balancing the protection of the right to health, and self-determination in therapeutic choices, and the exercise of religious freedom in conditions of compromised mental health, and the risk of a reviving confessional in Lithuania.

SOMMAIRE: 1. Une prémisse historique sur la Chine en tant que société multi-religieuse - 2. Les dispositions constitutionnelles relatives à la liberté de croyance avant 1982 - 3. La liberté religieuse dans l'actuelle Constitution de 1982 et la législation suivant en la matière - 4. Liberté religieuse et protection des droits de l'homme dans la Chine actuelle.

The free exercise of Religion in People’s Republic of China

ABSTRACT: After some historical reflections on the spread of multiple religious doctrines on the Chinese territory between the end of the XIX and the beginning of the XX century, the Author considers the attitude of the central government with respect to the right of religious freedom from the time of the Cultural Revolution to today, paying particular attention to the constitutional and criminal law provisions attached to this issue. It seems clear how the Chinese legal tradition is not based on a balance of interest theory as known in the Western legal systems, given the prevalence of the higher communist principles rooted in time. Last pages are reserved for the systematic violations of human rights reported by numerous international observatories, as well as the ancient grudge between China and the Holy See caused by the question of the appointment and formal recognition of new bishops. The provisional agreement signed on 22 September 2018, while marking a step towards finding a solution to this tensions, doesn’t offer a definitive solution to the problem.

SOMMARIO: 1. Considerazioni introduttive - 2. L’ordinanza n. 207 del 2018 della Consulta e la rilevanza costituzionale del “bene vita” - 3. L’„assolutezza” del diritto all’autodeterminazione terapeutica e la sua prevalenza sulla “indisponibilità” del diritto alla vita - 4. Il necessario riconoscimento del diritto all’aiuto al suicidio a tutela della visione personale della “dignità” nel morire ... - 5. ... e del divieto di discriminazioni nel darsi la morte attraverso il distacco delle macchine di sostegno vitale - 6. La “laicità” del biodiritto e il governo delle questioni “eticamente sensibili” - 7. L’apparente “neutralità” dell’opzione pro choice e la disciplina giuridica delle scelte di fine vita.

Health Treatments, Right to Self-determination and End-of-life Choices after Constitutional Court Ordinance No. 207/2018

ABSTRACT: The present essay deals with the issue regarding end-of-life choices after Italian Constitutional Court ruling No. 207/2018, which has prefigured, in certain exceptional situations, the partial unconstitutionality of the provision prohibiting aid to suicide (Article 580 of the Italian Criminal Code). The Author stresses that the patient’s right to refuse or interrupt life-saving treatment can be deemed to be protected by the Constitution, while the enactment of a right to assisted suicide into Italian law would require an ethical choice, which should instead be left to the discretionary assessment of the lawmakers.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa − 2. Quadro normativo di riferimento ­− 3. Sulla valenza culturale del crocifisso − 4. Laicità, imparzialità, neutralità dei luoghi pubblici - 5. La rimozione dei crocifissi: una condotta da sanzionare? - 6. Osservazioni conclusive.

Draft law n. 387/18, “Provisions concerning the crucifix exhibition in schools and public administrations”: brief reflections.

ABSTRACT: The draft law n. 387 of March 26, 2018, (obligation to expose the Crucifix in schools and public administrations), is part of a complex legal-constitutional context of relations between state and religious phenomenon, characterized by multiple unresolved issues and problematic profiles. The law refers to the theory of cultural and identity value of the symbol, sustained with continuity by the administrative jurisprudence in disputes concerning the regulations governing the exposure of the crucifix. The questionability of this hermeneutical perspective, largely outdated, is clear and evident if we consider the most current judgments on the subject. The most critical issues of the current proposal will be examined.

SOMMARIO: 1. Laicità necessaria - 2. Il Cristianesimo: una fede scandalosa - 3. La maggiore età del mondo - 4. Ritrovare Dio da adulti - 5. Provvisorietà dell’etica cristiana - 6. Führer e Verführer: lo scambio delle vesti e la fragilità del male.

Secularism as requirement of reason: the actuality of Dietrich Bonhoeffer

ABSTRACT: Dietrich Bonhoeffer is a very significant figure of the Protestant theology. Having experienced the most dramatic period of the German history he is well remembered as “resistant” to the National Socialism, but he deserves also to be reconsidered because of his defense, as believer, of the value of “secularism”, necessary to safeguard an authentic profession of faith.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. La libertà religiosa e le regole alimentari religiose - 3. Le regole alimentari religiose e la laicità dello Stato - 4. Il menù quaresimale - 5. L’immunità dall’esposizione - 6. Conclusioni.

Religious dietary rules and school lunch menus: a challenge for secularism?

ABSTRACT: The paper starts from a case of dietary pluralism to discuss the possibility to justify menus sensitive to different religious dietary rules in schools’ canteens. Building on an analysis of the idea of secularism, both in its legal interpretation and in its philosophical understanding in terms of neutrality, I try to show that providing for menus sensitive to different religious dietary rules does not amount to a breach of secularism; it is, rather, a legitimate consequence of the protection of individuals’ rights to freedom of conscience and religion. Moreover, whenever institutions take action to devise and implement such menus they can be taken to act on a commitment to respecting the beliefs of minority groups in society without expecting that these groups, which are often migrant communities suffering of well-known problems of social integration, take on the burden to put forward public claims.

Il 28 settembre 2018, presso l’Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, si è tenuto un convegno internazionale co-finanziato dall’Unione Europea, che ha visto la partecipazione di giovani studiosi delle più diverse discipline giuridiche, italiani e stranieri. I relatori, selezionati in seguito ad una “call for papers”, cui è stata data ampia pubblicità in Italia e all’estero, si sono confrontati sul tema del pluralismo religioso nel sistema europeo e, soprattutto, nella recente giurisprudenza delle Corti sovranazionali. (continua)

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa metodologica - 2. Cenni storici sulle comunità musulmane francesi - 3. La re-invenzione di una tradizione? - 4. Mangiare halal a scuola: l’affaire di Chalon-sur-Saône - 5. Conclusioni.

Halal alimentation and the challenges against french laïcité: the request of alternative menu in the school canteens

ABSTRACT: The article will concern the debate about the balance between secularism and religious-driven prerogatives through a narrow focus on the diffusion of halal food in France. In particular, I will shed light on the increasing request of shari'a-compliant food by Muslims in some social spaces, for instance in the school canteens. My research will unfold its arguments in two sections. In the first one, I will address the recent development of halal market in France and try to frame the reasons of such burgeoning activities - revival of Islam or neoliberal marketing strategy? In the second part, I will consider the sentence of Dijon Administrative Tribunal, which in 2017 abolished the decision of the mayor of Chalon-sur-Saône of suppressing halal menu in the school canteens. The verdict might be read as an opinion favourable to Muslim’s prerogatives. Nonetheless, the rationale of the judgement does lie indeed in the defence of the “best interest of the child”, whereas the basic principles of French laicité were not put into discussion.