Contenuti per la categoria: Laicità e pluralismo

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción - 2. La prohibición de la blasfemia en el marco de una Constitución de clara inspiración católica - 3. El cuestionamiento de una norma de tan dudoso encaje en el sistema constitucional de derechos y libertades - 3.1. Las críticas en general al régimen constitucional de las confesiones religiosas - 3.2. La controversia específica en torno a la prohibición de la blasfemia en la Constitución irlandesa - 4. Algunas conclusiones y una razonable expectativa.

The controversial offence of blasphemy in the Irish Constitution

ABSTRACT: As recently as June 2018 the Irish Government has approved a referendum to remove the offence of blasphemy from the Constitution; the referendum will be held in October this year. This paper briefly examines the historical and legal backgrounds of this controversial prohibition that survived the 1972 reform of the constitutional provisions in the field of Church and State that, among other aspects, conferred a special position to the Catholic Church, and it does so in order to underline the importance and the potential consequences of the proposed reform in case of an affirmative vote in the upcoming referendum. For this analysis the author gives prior consideration to the fundamental meaning and scope of the constitutional provisions currently in force in the area of Law and Religion and, once this framework is summarized, the paper turns to reflect primarily on the legal and judicial developments that have taken place in the last decades relating the offence of blasphemy in Irish Law.

SOMMARIO 1. Considerazioni introduttive - 2. La definizione dottrinale di “reato culturalmente motivato”, e le sue “sotto-categorie” prasseologiche - 3. La giurisprudenza relativa a reati a elevata offensività - 4. La giurisprudenza relativa a reati a bassa offensività - 5. La sentenza Cass. n. 29613 del 2018. - 6. Verso un test culturale come architrave motivazionale? - 7. Considerazioni finali.

Latest News from Jurisprudence on Culturally Motivated Crimes

ABSTRACT:  The author, after having clarified the notion of culturally motivated crime consolidated in doctrine, analyzes the recent Italian jurisprudence on the topic, representing the general coordinates provided by the Court of Cassation to the interpreter in the presence of this type of crimes.

SOMMARIO: 1. Il ruolo di Parlamento e Governo nella modifica del Concordato lateranense e nell’elaborazione delle intese con le confessioni acattoliche - 2. La prassi instaurata per l’iter di stipulazione delle intese - 3. La discrezionalità del Governo all’avvio delle trattative e il caso dell’UAAR - 4. Il concetto di confessione religiosa parte di un’intesa - 5. I limiti e le garanzie costituzionali nell’uso delle intese - 6. Anomalie tra normativa bilaterale e normativa unilaterale: intese-fotocopia e diritto comune “para-pattizio” - 7. La differenza fra le trattative per un’intesa e la negoziazione normativa - 8. La presunta minaccia del fondamentalismo religioso e il senso d’insicurezza instillato a fini politici.

The proceding of agreements on relations between State and religious denominations is restricted between political discretion and alleged insecurity

ABSTRACT: The present essay analyzes the procedure aimed at stipulating agreements on relations between the state and religious denominations considering the new elements introduced by the UAAR case. The Italian Union of Atheists and Agnostics is the protagonist of a long-standing case law case, because the Government has rejected the request for access to negotiations that allow to verify in concrete whether the conditions exist for concluding an agreement pursuant to in the third paragraph of the article 8 of the Constitution

SOMMARIO: 1. Il concordato nelle dinamiche delle relazioni tra Chiesa cattolica e Stati islamici - 2. Concordato e libertà religiosa nei Paesi islamici - 3. Gli accordi bilaterali sottoscritti dalla Santa Sede in questi speciali “territori di missione” - 4. La tutela delle minoranze religiose nella Dichiarazione di Al-Azhar e la possibile apertura di nuove frontiere delle dinamiche concordatarie.

The concordat dynamics between Holy See and Islamic State

ABSTRACT: The article analyzes the concordat dynamics between Holy See and Islamic States developed after the Second Vatican Council. The concordat, in its various forms, is the main instrument through which is regulated the system of relations between States and Catholic Church. Its use has been tested successfully in various Islamic States, and sometimes even with heterogeneous formulas, because of differences that distinguish the individual systems, trying to translate the concepts of autonomous of Church and collaboration with States in forms legal acceptable to Muslim tradition countries. The exhortations in the Al-Azhar Declaration are directly connected with the possible development of bilateral activities between Holy See and other Islamic countries and this can also strengthen the peace among peoples and the interfaith dialogue.

SOMMARIO: 1. Un piccolo volume destinato a uso degli studenti universitari e dei candidati ai concorsi pubblici (carriera direttiva) - 2. Il diritto ecclesiastico negli anni settanta - 3. Sette capitoli, inseriti in due parti e un’Appendice, sulla Natura dei Patti lateranensi.

SOMMARIO: 1. Riordino o riforma del Terzo Settore? - 2. Il contributo che possono offrire gli ecclesiasticisti e i canonisti alla riflessione - 3. La traiettoria: dalla legislazione bilaterale sugli enti cattolici al diritto comune sugli enti religiosi - 4. L’art. 20 Cost.: una lettura rinnovata in una prospettiva sistemica - 5. La legge n. 222 del 1985 rimane apripista della legislazione statale in ottica promozionale e pluralista - 6. Intese dello Stato con le confessioni e collegamento/coincidenza tra le attività di religione o di culto e le attività “diverse” - 7. Superamento “di fatto” della specialità della legislazione bilaterale sugli enti religiosi - 8. Alcune osservazioni critiche sul Codice del Terzo Settore - 9. Un diritto comune sugli enti religiosi nell’ottica dell’interesse generale? - 10. Una nuova mission per gli enti cattolici sollecitata dalla Chiesa di Papa Francesco.

The Third Sector Code: arrival point or starting point for the religious bodies’ palingenesis?

ABSTRACT: Adopted on July 2017, the Third Sector Code promotes social groups to guarantee the constitutional principles of pluralism, participation, social solidarity, substantial equality. The essay analyses what are the most important innovations and the critical issues of Third Sector’s reform, in the law and religion’s perspective and in the canon law’s perspective. Indeed, this legal reform raises fundamental questions, involving Third Sector bodies, that are, at the same time, religious bodies, such as the importance to have in our legal system a general law for religious bodies. Furthermore, Pope Francis’ teaching recalls an ethic dimension in the economic activities for the Catholic bodies.

SOMMARIO: 1. Annotazioni preliminari - 2. Complessità sociale e complessità giuridica - 3. Modalità alternative di composizione delle controversie - 4. Dal diritto imposto (Ge-setz) al diritto mediato e/o partecipativo - 5. Complementarità fra sostegno politico dei diritti e mediazione dialogica delle fedi - 6. Le (non facili) condizioni di praticabilità del modello di complementarità/distinzione - 7. L’irriducibilità della sfera religioso-fideistica alla sfera politica - 8. Alcune clausole di salvaguardia per le prospettive avvenire.

Mediation and Religions: the challenge in a complex society

ABSTRACT: Globalization makes social relations increasingly complex, because it favors the introduction and the spread in the same sphere of a plurality of cultures that are often difficult to combine. The proper task of law, that is the one of regulating the cohabitation of people in an equitable manner, is harder in this context, but it can be enhanced with the help of the mediation carried out by religious communities, though the criterion of complementarity/distinction between the order of political conventions and the order of religious convictions is respected.

SOMMARIO: 1- La qualificazione giuridica è attribuzione costituzionale esclusiva del potere giudiziario - 2. La qualificazione giuridica delle confessioni religiose … - 3. (segue) e il loro diritto all’identità - 4. L’espediente del “doppio binario” - 5. L’insopprimibile garanzia della tutela giurisdizionale dei diritti è (ancora) principio supremo dell’ordinamento costituzionale - 6. Il petitum del ricorso per conflitto di attribuzioni tra poteri dello Stato, e l’obbligo di attenersi al thema decidendum - 7. I poteri del Governo nell’esame dell’istanza di accesso all’intesa - 8. Le improvvide conseguenze dell’avere ritenuto il diniego governativo “atto politico”: dal “pluralismo aperto” al “pluralismo discrezionalmente regolamentato”.

For the protection of their identity, religious minorities should have “a judge and a judgment” at their disposal (again on the judgment of the Constitutional Court no. 52 of 2016)

ABSTRACT: The article links the theme of the legal qualification of an association that calls itself a “religious confession” in order to have relationships with the State, according to the provisions laid down in the third paragraph of art. 8 of the Constitution, with the theme of the right of religious minorities to have an identity. It intends to prove that the document that the government issues in order to deny such a qualification is not a “political action” exempt from the control of the judicial authority, contrary to ruling no. 52 of 2016 of the Constitutional Court. The identity of religious minorities is protected by the guarantees offered by art. 24 of the Constitution, from which the Constitutional Court draws the supreme principle of jurisdictional protection of rights, the foundation of any democratic system, that guarantees to all, for any dispute, “a judge and a judgment”.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa: il vilipendio quale “reato d’opinione” - 2. L’evoluzione dei delitti contro il sentimento religioso - 3. (segue): la riforma del 2006 - 4. La sentenza della Corte costituzionale n. 188 del 1975 - 5. L’esercizio del diritto di libera manifestazione del pensiero quale causa di giustificazione (art. 51 c.p.) - 6. Le più recenti applicazioni della giurisprudenza di legittimità - 7. Chiusa.

Are the crimes against religious sentiment compatible with the exercise of freedom of expression?

ABSTRACT: The crimes against religious sentiment, provided by the Italian Criminal Code, are mainly framed as “crimes of opinion”. Therefore, it should be ascertained whether and how those crimes are compatible with the exercise of freedom of expression, guaranteed as a fundamental right by Art. 21 of the Italian Constitution. The paper provides an overview of the jurisprudence – of ordinary courts and the Constitutional Court – and of the legislative evolution since 1930s about the crimes against religious sentiment.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Disegno costituzionale e rigidità politico-normative: quale strada per una equilibrata disciplina del fenomeno religioso? - 3. Conclusioni.

Equality in diversity. Religious identities and constitutional democracy

ABSTRACT: The entry into force of the new system after the fall of fascism did not constitute the resolutive element to mark a decisive turning point in the Italian ecclesiastical politics, with the implementation of a system of reforms in religious matters consistent with the innovative will of the institutional change that occurred in the Country. The consequence is that, seventy years after the adoption of the Republican Constitutional Charter, many normative provisions still conform to the inspiring principles of the fascist system, and there are many impediments to the concrete realization of the principles of freedom and democracy, with serious damage for the enjoyment of constitutional guarantees by spiritual minorities. With the approval of a general legislation on religious interests, the equal enjoyment of the fundamental rights could be achieved, both for individuals and for groups, within a framework of definitive overcoming of the fascist penalizing legislation and of fixation of the regulatory law criteria of the various treatments to protect spiritual specificities.