Contributi di Marco Parisi

Sommario: 1. Introduzione - 2. La dimensione della ‘non credenza’ e le direttive costituzionali - 3. Fenomeno ateistico collettivo, eguale libertà e pluralismo ideale - 4. Il libero esercizio della propaganda come strumento irrinunciabile di realizzazione della dimensione comunitaria della miscredenza.

Organized atheistic belief and free propagandistic communication of the ideal-spiritual orientations

ABSTRACT: With an its recent intervention, the Court of Cassation has clearly affirmed that the freedom of conscience of non-believers falls within the broader freedom, in religious matters, ensured by the articles 19 and 21 of the Constitutional Charter. A freedom to be understood also in the negative sense, having to exclude, within our system, any form of differentiation for the protection of the free, individual and collective, explanation both of religious faith and of atheism. In this order of ideas, any limits and prohibitions to the exercise of the right to propaganda of atheistic associations integrate the extremes of discrimination that are incompatible with the constitutional and supranational norms to guarantee the freedom of expression of thought, the ideal and confessional pluralism, the dignity of the human person and the neutrality of public authorities.

Summary: 1. Introduction - 2. Constitutional project of ecclesiastical politics and cultural resistance to a correct interpretation of the fundamental provisions of freedom - 3. Secularity of the legal system, religious pluralism and human freedoms.

ABSTRACT: The problems that derive from the growing multicultural and multi-religious characterization of our society raise a number of questions regarding the difficulties encountered in identifying rules of coexistence that could be genuinely respectful of the ideal and spiritual dimension of the human person. In particular, it is in question the ability of the system of bilateral agreements between the State and the religious organizations to really enhance the individual religiosity, which is constitutionally protected in its instrumentality for the promotion and growth of the human being. Several doubts also concern the discretionary and political selection, exercised by public authorities, of religious organizations deserving an access to bilateral regulation of relationships. In a more and more plural and heterogeneous social reality, the exclusion from the special legislation of the newly established spiritual groups in the country does not seem to be respectful of a neutral and correct interpretation of the constitutional dictate.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Disegno costituzionale e rigidità politico-normative: quale strada per una equilibrata disciplina del fenomeno religioso? - 3. Conclusioni.

Equality in diversity. Religious identities and constitutional democracy

ABSTRACT: The entry into force of the new system after the fall of fascism did not constitute the resolutive element to mark a decisive turning point in the Italian ecclesiastical politics, with the implementation of a system of reforms in religious matters consistent with the innovative will of the institutional change that occurred in the Country. The consequence is that, seventy years after the adoption of the Republican Constitutional Charter, many normative provisions still conform to the inspiring principles of the fascist system, and there are many impediments to the concrete realization of the principles of freedom and democracy, with serious damage for the enjoyment of constitutional guarantees by spiritual minorities. With the approval of a general legislation on religious interests, the equal enjoyment of the fundamental rights could be achieved, both for individuals and for groups, within a framework of definitive overcoming of the fascist penalizing legislation and of fixation of the regulatory law criteria of the various treatments to protect spiritual specificities.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Europa dei cittadini e identità politica del processo di integrazione continentale - 3. Spazio politico europeo, libertà religiosa e laicità - 4. Conclusioni.

ABSTRACT: The evolution of the European Union law and of the right to religious freedom lies in the global process of internationalization of fundamental rights, the transformation of relations between States, the modification of the idea of ​​sovereignty, the emergence of new conventional instruments. With reference to the European social and legal space, the transformation of the European Economic Community into a real political union has allowed the inalienable human rights of the people to become central in the process of integration. Because of that, the political and legal system of the European Union, characterized by the transition of the State monopoly of sovereignty to its sharing among different subjects, has affected the reality of relations between public powers and religious phenomenon. A particular configuration of the concept of secularism in the European continent has been established, by virtue, which the values of democracy, pluralism, human dignity and non-identification between public functions and religious experience would allow for peaceful coexistence between religion, institutional activity of the European Union and fundamental freedoms.

Sommario: 1. Introduzione - 2. L’attuazione del principio pattizio tra esigenze politiche del Governo e tutela giurisdizionale dei diritti - 3. Diniego di avvio delle trattative, qualificazione religiosa dei soggetti istanti e uguale libertà: i nodi problematici e le soluzioni.

ABSTRACT: The judgment no. 52/16 of the Constitutional Court has related to a conflict of powers between branches of State, in particular between the Council of Ministers and the Supreme Court, canceling the judgment of the Supreme Court (judgment no. 16305, June 28, 2013) with which it was established the syndicatability to the courts of the government resolution which had been denied to the Union of Atheists and Rationalist Agnostics the opening of negotiations for the signing of the agreement, in accordance with Article 8, third paragraph, of the Constitution. In reaching that conclusion, the Constitutional Court considered necessary some considerations relating to the nature and the meaning that, in our constitutional system, assume the agreement for the regulation of relations between the state and the non-Catholic religious denominations. At the same time, the Judge of the Laws has also been called upon to interpret the first paragraph of Article 8, which, in stating that all religions are equally free before the law, exclude that the State can foster the expansion of a religious group compared to the others.

Sommario : 1. Introduzione - 2. Percorsi giurisprudenziali e normativi interni in materia di unioni civili - 3. Il caso Oliari contro Italia e le sue ripercussioni sul dibattito in tema di coppie same sex - 4. Conclusioni.

ABSTRACT : At a supranational level, there has been a progressive evolution of the concept of family, which would not seem rooted solely on the traditional concept that refers to heterosexual marriage, nor necessarily requiring the difference in sex of the engaged couple. In Italy, the difficulties encountered in terms of legislative action at a national level, in the purpose of the definition of a legal status to the unions between persons of the same sex, have led, in recent years, many couples to turn to the European Court of Human Rights in order to obtain the recognition, within the italian legal system, of the right to marry for homosexual unions, and the right to the transcript of the marriage or registered partnership concluded abroad. This has generated a lively and stimulating legal and jurisprudential debate. The article aims to reconstruct conceptually the problem raised by the question of "egalitarian marriage", accessible to all couples, regardless of possible gender identity of the contractors, and the resulting answers and solutions offered, in a internal and supranational level, by political and judicial bodies.

Sommario : 1. Introduzione - 2. L’UAAR e il lungo percorso giudiziario verso la richiesta d’Intesa: l’approdo della sentenza n. 7068 del 2014 del Tar Lazio - 3. Associazionismo ateistico e confessioni religiose: la difficoltà dell’inserimento in una categoria inflazionata - 4. Conclusioni.

ABSTRACT: The attention given by the constituent Assembly to the individual and associated way of enjoying the religious freedom, in the logic of protection of the spiritual interests of the human person, should be such as to promote, as a natural consequence of this basic structure of the Constitution, a balanced system in relation to the official contacts between the State and the religious denominations. However, there is the fact of public policies excessively benevolent towards some religious denominations, which causes damage to the affirmation of equal freedom for all individuals, regardless of their cultural orientation, religious or non-religious it is. With the visible manifestation of the atheism (in a public and associated way), doctrine and jurisprudence are called to identify the most appropriate forms of legal protection for some specific group experiences, related, in any case, in the broadest sense, to the religious and spiritual dimension of human life. pdf

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione. 2. Laicità dello Stato, libertà religiosa e comunità islamiche nella società italiana: tra diritto comune e legislazione pattizia. 3. I nodi giuridici di maggior rilievo in Italia e in Europa. 4. Conclusioni.

ABSTRACT: The constitution in the European legal space of a stable islamic community has given rise to a series of repercussions in the legal regulations of all countries of the European Union. Governments, Parliaments and civil society have been called to assess the requests made by the muslim associations, in order to give recognition to a specific set of rules and habits, which is variably understood by Muslims themselves as necessary to live in a manner consistent with religion. This, however, on the one hand, has imposed to the State institutions to reflect on the coexistence of concepts such as the universality of rights, the respect for cultural distinctiveness and the centrality of the principle of secularism in all the national legal orders, and, on the other side, has urged the muslim communities - considered as a complex and articulated whole - to put in place an attitude of moderation and adaptation towards the foundational principles of the Western legal world .
 

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Costruzione della vita democratica nello spazio pubblico europeo e dimensione religiosa: works in progress - 3. Diritti ecclesiastici nazionali, scelte politiche e protagonismo dei gruppi religiosi organizzati: le criticità del modello europeo.

SOMMARIO: 1. Dalla “scuola dello Stato” alla “scuola delle autonomie” - 2. La “difficile” parità scolastica nel sistema nazionale d’istruzione e la liceità di scuole islamiche parificate - 3. Il soddisfacimento delle esigenze dei gruppi etnico-sociali di recente insediamento nelle nuove modalità istituzionali di organizzazione dell’istruzione.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione -2. Decentramento amministrativo e funzionale, autonomia degli istituti scolastici e tutela del pluralismo culturale - 3. Il pluralismo culturale nei nuovi strumenti istituzionali - 4. Parità scolastica, scuole confessionali islamiche e rispetto degli standards statali: compatibilità ed aporie.