Contenuti per la categoria: Libertà di coscienza e di religione, individuale e collettiva

SOMMARIO: 1. Considerazioni introduttive - 2. Il quadro normativo - 3. Le soluzioni giurisprudenziali - 4. Riflessioni conclusive.

The ‘debaptism’, between religious freedom and implicit rules. Hints of comparative law

ABSTRACT: The problem of cancellation from baptismal registers seems to have come to a final solution, thus being no more interesting. Nonetheless, it can still be useful to analyse it from a comparative point of view. The study of the various solutions proposed by the different legal systems allows finding out ‘implicit’ juridical principles, which condition the interpretation and the implementation of positive rules. It can be especially remarked a convergence of arguments and results between legal systems formally inspired to distinct models of State-religions’ relationship - such as the French and the Italian legal systems. This convergence highlights the existence, at a latent level, of common cultural conceptions of the religious experience, fashioned by the Christian religious paradigm; these conceptions tend to shape the concrete contents of both the right to religious freedom, and the right to personal identity, protected by personal data laws.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. Europa dei cittadini e identità politica del processo di integrazione continentale - 3. Spazio politico europeo, libertà religiosa e laicità - 4. Conclusioni.

ABSTRACT: The evolution of the European Union law and of the right to religious freedom lies in the global process of internationalization of fundamental rights, the transformation of relations between States, the modification of the idea of ​​sovereignty, the emergence of new conventional instruments. With reference to the European social and legal space, the transformation of the European Economic Community into a real political union has allowed the inalienable human rights of the people to become central in the process of integration. Because of that, the political and legal system of the European Union, characterized by the transition of the State monopoly of sovereignty to its sharing among different subjects, has affected the reality of relations between public powers and religious phenomenon. A particular configuration of the concept of secularism in the European continent has been established, by virtue, which the values of democracy, pluralism, human dignity and non-identification between public functions and religious experience would allow for peaceful coexistence between religion, institutional activity of the European Union and fundamental freedoms.

SUMARIO: 1. El concepto de bien cultural de interés religioso en el ordenamiento intaliano y el peculiar relieve cuantitativo y cualitativo de los bienes culturales de interés religioso referibles a la Iglesia católica - 2. El recorrido, paralelo y autónomo, del Estado y de la Iglesia hacia una disciplina concordada de los bienes culturales de interés religioso - 3. El art. 12 delAcuerdo de Villa Madama: el principio de cooperación entre el Estado y la Iglesia en su respectivo ordenamiento para la tutela del patrimonio histórico y artístico - 4. La armonización de la aplicacón de la ley italiana en materia de bienes culturales con las exigencias de carácter religioso: el interés nacional - 5. (continuación) Los acuerdos a nivel regional - 6. Breves consideraciones conclusivas.

ABSTRACT: The article reconstructs the evolution of the protection of the historical-artistic heritage of the Catholic Church in Italy as a revealing index of ways of understanding the relationship between temporal dimension and spiritual dimension.

SOMMARIO: 1. Attualità del diritto di libertà religiosa - 2. La libertà religiosa e la sfida del pluralismo confessionale - 3. L’affermazione del diritto di libertà religiosa in Europa -  4. Evoluzione espansiva del diritto di libertà religiosa. Tradizione anglosassone e approccio europeo ai diritti - 5. Dimensione negativa o di garanzia e dimensione positiva o promozionale del diritto di libertà religiosa - 6. Dimensione positiva dei diritti e obblighi di solidarietà: la logica del sistema pattizio - 7. Il sistema italiano di tutela del diritto di libertà religiosa - 8. Legislazione ecclesiastica e proposte di riforma - 9. Il progetto di legge generale sulla libertà religiosa - 10.  Evoluzione del quadro normativo e progetti di riforma - 11. Organizzazioni agnostiche e strutture confessionali: un’assimilazione controversa - 12. Il sistema pattizio come garanzia di pluralismo confessionale e di piena integrazione.

Religious freedom and proposals of reform of the Italian law concerning religious denominations

ABSTRACT: This paper, after briefly recalling the importance of religious freedom in Western civilization and its progressive identification as a fundamental right all over the world, examines the legal framework of religious freedom in the Italian law system. In doing so, it underlines the distinction between the negative and positive aspects of the right, calling for a different attitude on behalf of the State according to the different common law and civil law systems. In the end, taking into account the principles of the Constitution and the Italian Constitutional Court’s case law, it critically addresses the current debate on the proposal of a State statute concerning the exercise of the right of religious freedom for individuals and, above all, for denominational groups without an agreement with the State.

SOMMARIO: 1. La “Carta dei valori”: origine - 2. Caratteristiche e struttura - 3. Natura giuridica - 4. Dimensione costituzionale della “Carta dei valori”?

SOMMARIO: 1. La preminenza della dignità sulla libertà - 2. La dignità di chi non conta niente: i migranti - 3. Ci può essere libertà senza dignità? - 4. La luterana libertà del cristiano e la sua secolarizzazione - 5. Un’Europa infedele alla sua ispirazione - 6. Analogia dei conflitti politici odierni con quelli religiosi passati - 7. I migranti, banco di prova per l’Europa e per le Chiese - 8. L’attuale condizione dei migranti - 9. La libertà dignitosa come fonte dell’unità politica europea.

SOMMARIO: 1. Cittadinanza e identità religiosa - 2. Cittadinanza e pluralismo religioso - 3. “Cittadinanza integrativa” e libertà religiosa - 4. La Risoluzione 2076 (2015) e la Raccomandazione 2080 (2015).

Religious Freedom and Integrative Citizenship. Some Notes on 'Living Together' in a Plural Society

ABSTRACT: Circumcision concerns the religious identity of Jews and Muslims. In addition to these circumcisions which can be defined as "confessional-religious" there are also those related to local customs. These types deserve renewed attention after Resolution 1952 (2013) and Recommendation 2023 (2013) of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, both concerning "the right of children to physical integrity", and subsequent resolutions 2076 (2015) and Recommendation 2080 (2015) devoted to "(R) Religion and Living together in a Democratic Society". Citizenship is, in fact, the much broader horizon to be found behind circumcision. While the first two documents tend to consider non-therapeutic circumcision as a possible assault to the physical integrity of children without, therefore, focusing on the profiles inherent the right to religious freedom and the possible inclusive value of its "recognition" for the purposes of universal citizenship, the latter two, focusing on the freedom of 'living together' according to the practices of each religion, seem to be more aware of the need to move towards the realization of a European, inclusive and plural citizenship. However, the category of 'living together', evanescent and ambiguous for its correlation with the principle of majority (as is evident from the most recent case law of the ECHR), requires a new approach that gives it greater objectivity. Concepts such as those of pluralism and plural citizenship, in which civic belonging and religious affiliation can live together, help to go in that direction, renewing, in the end, the membership of a Europe of peoples and not just of economies.

SOMMARIO: 1. Libertà religiosa e protezione internazionale: note introduttive e di metodo - 2. La nozione di religione perseguitata - 3. I contenuti di tutela della libertà religiosa dei perseguitati - 4. Le condizioni di riconoscimento dello status di rifugiato religioso - 5. La procedura di valutazione delle domande - 6. Conclusioni.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Diritto e religione in Marocco: la libertà religiosa nella Costituzione del 2011 - 3. L’apostasia nel diritto islamico: cenni - 4. Il codice penale marocchino e la fatwā del 2013 - 5. Il Consiglio Superiore degli Ulema: prerogative e valenza dei suoi interventi - 6. “La via degli Ulema” (Sabīl al-‘ulamā’) e la rinnovata interpretazione sull’apostasia - 7. Il Marocco e la “via di Marrakech”: un segnale per il futuro?

Freedom of Religion and Freedom from Religion in Morocco: The Interpretative Revision on Apostasy

ABSTRACT: The essay analyzes a recent step taken by the Kingdom’s Ulama that distances from the traditional meaning of apostasy and of the penalty given for this offense. According to this document, Murtadd would not be the one who leaves Islam for another religion, but the one who betrays the group he belongs to. Apostasy was therefore political, not doctrinal. In this sense, the document represents an essential progress for the qualification of religious freedom in Morocco (on the same way already indicated by the Marrakesh Declaration).

SOMMARIO: 1. Terrorismo e fenomeno religioso - 2. Politiche della sicurezza e diritti fondamentali - 3. La legislazione italiana contro il terrorismo nell’interpretazione giurisprudenziale - 4. Misure di prevenzione. Ampliamento delle categorie di pericolosità qualificata e prescrizioni atipiche - 5. Misure di prevenzione e libertà religiosa - 6. Best practice. Il provvedimento del Tribunale di Bari, Misure di Prevenzione, n. 71 del 2017 - 7. Il percorso di de-radicalizzazione.

Religious prevention and de-radicalization measures to the test of secularity (at the margin of some of the Court’s measures of Bari).

ABSTRACT: The article examines how the terrorist emergence of Islamic matrix has reproached the issue of reconciliation between the need for security and the protection of the rights of liberty, in particular religious freedom. It highlights the need to accompany, to purely punitive nature rules, the spread of a novel paradigm, covering preventive interventions, educational and formative, in order to promote intercultural and inter-religious integration. The decree of the court, which, in accordance with the principle of secularism, has prescribed, in view of the social recovery of the subject proposed for the application of the prevention measure, a process of de-radicalization, through the involvement of an intercultural mediator, on the basis of Guide-lines developed by the University of Bari.