Contenuti per la categoria: Diritto ecclesiastico (Teoria generale del)

SOMMARIO: 1. Ateismo religioso e valori - 2. Ateismo moderato, neo-ateismo e ateismo religioso - 3. Alcune considerazioni su indipendenza e inevitabilità dei valori - 4. Conclusioni.

Dworkin’s Atheistic Religion and the Divinization of Value

ABSTRACT: This essay critically discusses some of the central ideas of Ronald Dworkin’s last book, Religion Without God. In particular, it will be argued that the idea of “religion without God” is not a form of atheism, as Dworkin claims, but a pure religious attitude in which the idea of “theistic entity” of traditional religion is replaced by a new and not less problematic entity, the idea of “value”.

SOMMARIO: 1. Laicità necessaria - 2. Il Cristianesimo: una fede scandalosa - 3. La maggiore età del mondo - 4. Ritrovare Dio da adulti - 5. Provvisorietà dell’etica cristiana - 6. Führer e Verführer: lo scambio delle vesti e la fragilità del male.

Secularism as requirement of reason: the actuality of Dietrich Bonhoeffer

ABSTRACT: Dietrich Bonhoeffer is a very significant figure of the Protestant theology. Having experienced the most dramatic period of the German history he is well remembered as “resistant” to the National Socialism, but he deserves also to be reconsidered because of his defense, as believer, of the value of “secularism”, necessary to safeguard an authentic profession of faith.

SUMMARY: 1. Together in diversity: law and religion in modern civil law systems - 2. The religious traditions in law and religion - 3. The religion and law osmosis in law-making processes - 4. The religion and law osmosis in jurisdiction - 5. As a strategy: the nomopoietic function of religions in the legal koinè.

Summary: 1. Introduction - 2. Constitutional project of ecclesiastical politics and cultural resistance to a correct interpretation of the fundamental provisions of freedom - 3. Secularity of the legal system, religious pluralism and human freedoms.

ABSTRACT: The problems that derive from the growing multicultural and multi-religious characterization of our society raise a number of questions regarding the difficulties encountered in identifying rules of coexistence that could be genuinely respectful of the ideal and spiritual dimension of the human person. In particular, it is in question the ability of the system of bilateral agreements between the State and the religious organizations to really enhance the individual religiosity, which is constitutionally protected in its instrumentality for the promotion and growth of the human being. Several doubts also concern the discretionary and political selection, exercised by public authorities, of religious organizations deserving an access to bilateral regulation of relationships. In a more and more plural and heterogeneous social reality, the exclusion from the special legislation of the newly established spiritual groups in the country does not seem to be respectful of a neutral and correct interpretation of the constitutional dictate.

SOMMARIO: 1. Annotazioni preliminari - 2. Complessità sociale e complessità giuridica - 3. Modalità alternative di composizione delle controversie - 4. Dal diritto imposto (Ge-setz) al diritto mediato e/o partecipativo - 5. Complementarità fra sostegno politico dei diritti e mediazione dialogica delle fedi - 6. Le (non facili) condizioni di praticabilità del modello di complementarità/distinzione - 7. L’irriducibilità della sfera religioso-fideistica alla sfera politica - 8. Alcune clausole di salvaguardia per le prospettive avvenire.

Mediation and Religions: the challenge in a complex society

ABSTRACT: Globalization makes social relations increasingly complex, because it favors the introduction and the spread in the same sphere of a plurality of cultures that are often difficult to combine. The proper task of law, that is the one of regulating the cohabitation of people in an equitable manner, is harder in this context, but it can be enhanced with the help of the mediation carried out by religious communities, though the criterion of complementarity/distinction between the order of political conventions and the order of religious convictions is respected.

SOMMARIO: 1- La qualificazione giuridica è attribuzione costituzionale esclusiva del potere giudiziario - 2. La qualificazione giuridica delle confessioni religiose … - 3. (segue) e il loro diritto all’identità - 4. L’espediente del “doppio binario” - 5. L’insopprimibile garanzia della tutela giurisdizionale dei diritti è (ancora) principio supremo dell’ordinamento costituzionale - 6. Il petitum del ricorso per conflitto di attribuzioni tra poteri dello Stato, e l’obbligo di attenersi al thema decidendum - 7. I poteri del Governo nell’esame dell’istanza di accesso all’intesa - 8. Le improvvide conseguenze dell’avere ritenuto il diniego governativo “atto politico”: dal “pluralismo aperto” al “pluralismo discrezionalmente regolamentato”.

For the protection of their identity, religious minorities should have “a judge and a judgment” at their disposal (again on the judgment of the Constitutional Court no. 52 of 2016)

ABSTRACT: The article links the theme of the legal qualification of an association that calls itself a “religious confession” in order to have relationships with the State, according to the provisions laid down in the third paragraph of art. 8 of the Constitution, with the theme of the right of religious minorities to have an identity. It intends to prove that the document that the government issues in order to deny such a qualification is not a “political action” exempt from the control of the judicial authority, contrary to ruling no. 52 of 2016 of the Constitutional Court. The identity of religious minorities is protected by the guarantees offered by art. 24 of the Constitution, from which the Constitutional Court draws the supreme principle of jurisdictional protection of rights, the foundation of any democratic system, that guarantees to all, for any dispute, “a judge and a judgment”.

SOMMARIO: 1. “A tradition under threat”. Antropologia della paura e tendenze esclusiviste delle comunità dominanti - 2. La tradizione filosofica del pensiero costituzionale: Williams, Madison e i princìpi cardine della tradizione di “religious fairnes” - 3. Forme di Benign Establishment: critica alla tesi della “presunta innocuità” e interpretazione autentica del principio di separazione - 4. Neutralità statale e speciale considerazione del fenomeno religioso: un rapporto problematico.

Liberty of conscience and liberty of religion on the challenge of the post-modernity: the Martha C. Nussbaum's philosophical jurisprudence

ABSTRACT: Nussbaum is one of the prominent defenders of the North American liberal tradition, threatened by the post-modern tendency to the exaltation of elements from the mainstream religion and the creation of in-groups between citizens. In his writings, the philosopher reproposes the value of liberal tradition by trying to show the impossibility to justify even the most venial forms of the benign establishment, as in the case of state-sponsored-religious-displays. The article focuses on Nussbaum'arguments, in a critical perspective.

SOMMARIO: 1. Notazioni introduttive - 2. I termini della vicenda da cui origina il rinvio pregiudiziale e la competenza della Corte di giustizia a pronunziarsi sulla questione controversa - 3. La portata applicativa del regolamento n. 1259 del 2010 e le sentenze dei tribunali religiosi - 4. Le implicazioni di carattere sistematico della pronunzia in rapporto al principio di incompetenza dell’Unione nella materia ecclesiastica o religiosa - 5. I dubbi sostanziali circa la riconoscibilità in Europa del ripudio islamico - 6. Conclusioni.

The issue of the civil recognizability of the Islamic divorce by the EU Court of Justice (considerations on the ruling of December 20th 2017, C-372/16)

ABSTRACT: The present paper takes as a starting point a recent ruling by the EU Court of Justice concerning the issue of recognizability of Islamic repudiation under the EU Regulation No. 1259/2010. After assessing the conditions underlying the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice to rule on such a controversial matter, the Author excludes that the religious judgments fall within the scope of the aforementioned regulation (and within the purpose of Regulation No. 2201/2013), also in light of the so-called principle of the Union’s incompetence in ecclesiastical or religious matters. Moreover, although the unilateral repudiation is to be considered contrary to the principle of public order of the moral and legal equality of the spouses, the Author concludes that, consistently with the current trend of many legal systems to give increasing broader space to the “negotiating” management of the marriage bond, effective protection of the principle of equality should involve letting women, in some particular situations, have the choice of concretely enforcing that principle.

SOMMARIO: 1. Il “ritorno” dell’atto politico: la stipulazione delle intese con le confessioni religiose - 2. Le origini dell’atto politico tra acte de gouvernement, act of State, political question e acto de gobierno - 3. Gli sviluppi dell’istituto nell’Italia liberale - 4. L’atto politico alla prova della Costituzione - 5. Il ruolo del giudice delle leggi: alcuni casi paradigmatici - 6. Un consuntivo della giurisprudenza costituzionale in tema di atto politico: l’atto di governo come tecnica di giudizio.

Is there a “new era” for the act of State in Italy? Some remarks between constitutional theory and practice

ABSTRACT: The act of State in the Italian legal system seems now to be heading for a kind of “second drawing”. Starting from the recent judgment n. 52/2016, adopted by the Italian constitutional Court with reference to the agreement between Government and the so-called UAAR, the essay scrutinises the evolution of the act of State in Italy compared to the principles of the constitutional “rule of law”. The analysis deals with both theory and practice, focusing in particular on the approach adopted by the Italian constitutional jurisprudence in order to address political questions.

SOMMARIO: 1. Una premessa - 2. Libertà religiosa e secolarizzazione - 3. L’odierna crisi della libertà religiosa - 4. Secolarismo e libertà religiosa - 5. Conclusione.

Religious freedom and secularism

ABSTRACT: The essay questions about the singular phenomenon for which, in front of the numerous and serious violations that are daily perpetrated in the world, towards the right of religious freedom, the West appears so detached and generally reluctant to political and diplomatic intervention. The fact is even more singular, if one compares this phenomenon with the general commitment that the West demonstrates for the planetary affirmation of the human rights, in a spirit almost of proselytism. In the opinion of the Author, the inactivity must be connected to the dominant secularist culture that has removed the sacred from the horizon of human meaning, with the consequence of the insignificance of the religious sentiment, of the irrelevance of the religious practice and, therefore, of the unreasonableness of fighting for their survival.