Contenuti per la categoria: Islam

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Diritto e religione in Marocco: la libertà religiosa nella Costituzione del 2011 - 3. L’apostasia nel diritto islamico: cenni - 4. Il codice penale marocchino e la fatwā del 2013 - 5. Il Consiglio Superiore degli Ulema: prerogative e valenza dei suoi interventi - 6. “La via degli Ulema” (Sabīl al-‘ulamā’) e la rinnovata interpretazione sull’apostasia - 7. Il Marocco e la “via di Marrakech”: un segnale per il futuro?

Freedom of Religion and Freedom from Religion in Morocco: The Interpretative Revision on Apostasy

ABSTRACT: The essay analyzes a recent step taken by the Kingdom’s Ulama that distances from the traditional meaning of apostasy and of the penalty given for this offense. According to this document, Murtadd would not be the one who leaves Islam for another religion, but the one who betrays the group he belongs to. Apostasy was therefore political, not doctrinal. In this sense, the document represents an essential progress for the qualification of religious freedom in Morocco (on the same way already indicated by the Marrakesh Declaration).

SOMMARIO: 1. Terrorismo e fenomeno religioso - 2. Politiche della sicurezza e diritti fondamentali - 3. La legislazione italiana contro il terrorismo nell’interpretazione giurisprudenziale - 4. Misure di prevenzione. Ampliamento delle categorie di pericolosità qualificata e prescrizioni atipiche - 5. Misure di prevenzione e libertà religiosa - 6. Best practice. Il provvedimento del Tribunale di Bari, Misure di Prevenzione, n. 71 del 2017 - 7. Il percorso di de-radicalizzazione.

Religious prevention and de-radicalization measures to the test of secularity (at the margin of some of the Court’s measures of Bari).

ABSTRACT: The article examines how the terrorist emergence of Islamic matrix has reproached the issue of reconciliation between the need for security and the protection of the rights of liberty, in particular religious freedom. It highlights the need to accompany, to purely punitive nature rules, the spread of a novel paradigm, covering preventive interventions, educational and formative, in order to promote intercultural and inter-religious integration. The decree of the court, which, in accordance with the principle of secularism, has prescribed, in view of the social recovery of the subject proposed for the application of the prevention measure, a process of de-radicalization, through the involvement of an intercultural mediator, on the basis of Guide-lines developed by the University of Bari.

SOMMARIO: 1. I gruppi etico-deontologici e il diritto della polis democratica alla luce dei recenti cambiamenti sociali vissuti dalle identità collettive - 2. I codici di autoregolamentazione nel settore del lavoro - 3. Il mercato tra codificazione etica ed eteroregolamentazione - 4. Le recenti opportunità di lavoro socialmente utile offerte dalle tecnologie social alle smart communities - 5. La nuova sensibilità deontologica nel mondo finanziario: le banche etiche e la finanza islamica - 6. La rilevanza nell’ordine della polis dei vari tipi di norme contenute nei codici deontologici: attualità e prospettive inter- e/o trans-culturali.

Codes of ethics and Deontology in the fields of Labor, Market and Finance. Freedom of Conscience and the Transition from Oeconomicus Corporatism to Democratic Intercultural Cooperation

ABSTRACT: The paper analyzes the recent relevance of deontological codes, from which a process of enriching the concept of deontology seems to emerge. This is increasingly understood not only in a corporatist way as an ethics of conduct within the category of reference, but also in a democratic way as the ethics of service made to the polis by professional communities, which now, in the overall world of work, appear ethically inspired in the most varied ways. Following the development that freedom of conscience has experienced in its various forms of collective exercise, we are positively experiencing new patterns of work organization where deontology represents a synthesis between moral and law. Similarly, to churches, even some professional communities have useful, non-utilitarian relationships, and open to democratic intercultural cooperation, with their multiform and typical ways of working in the service of the human person, elected to lifestyles or spiritual missions. In order to encourage and extend this phenomenon of greater ethical accountability of free professions, some legal channels will be analyzed to better harmonize the use of those new deontological standards with legal rules in order to ensure balance and order at a general level, and to avoid the social dissociation in neo-corporatist groups.

SOMMARIO: 1. Discorsi odiosi - 2. La repressione giuridica delle idee odiose: vecchie difese, nuovi difesi - 3. Le ragioni del contrasto giuridico ai discorsi d’odio - 4. Due direttrici nella giustificazione della repressione giuridica del discorso d’odio.

Forbidden hate: the legal repression of hate speech

ABSTRACT: The aim of this article is two-folded. First, it offers a general overview of the legal repression of various categories of expressive behaviours ascribed to the notion of hate speech. Especially in Europe, such repression often passes through criminalization, long since used by law to suppress thoughts or points of view for some reason considered harmful. The social groups nowadays protected by such repressive measures, however, are different from the past: weak and/or minoritarian groups rather than strong and/or majoritarian ones. The second aim of this work is to identify the reasons for the legal repression of expressions, beliefs or doctrines certainly in many cases morally deplorable, yet protected by other high-ranking legal reasons: the principles of freedom of thought and speech. It will be noted that especially for untargeted hate speech not connected to a clear and present danger of unlawful actions, there is no general agreement about those reasons. Furthermore, they tend to be structured in justifications showing some typical flaws of, respectively, deontological and teleological reasoning: the former tend to be superficial as apodictic, generic and vacuous; the latter tend to evade the argumentative burdens of factual order from which their validity depends.

SOMMARIO: 1. Le sfide del nuovo multiculturalismo in materia matrimoniale - 2. La riforma del processo matrimoniale canonico e le sue potenziali ricadute sul giudizio di delibazione - 3. Il processus brevior - 4. La crisi della bilateralità - 5. Il “mite” pluralismo statunitense e le nuove “anti-sharia laws” - 6. L’esperienza del pluralismo “forte” israeliano e i suoi effetti sulle minoranze - 7. Modelli di pluralismo a confronto.

Pluralism in Marriage: the New Challenges of the “Overlapping Jurisdictions”

ABSTRACT: The challenges of the “new multiculturalism” in the field of marriage law regard not only which forms of marriage should be recognized by the State but also the forums in which marriage cases can be adjudicated and the role of faith-based laws and religious courts in democratic and secular legal systems. Religious groups increasingly ask for accommodation of their cultural identities; however, a growing skepticism concerning forms of religious jurisdiction is developing in regimes devoted to individual liberties, which employ public policy as grounds to vacate religious rulings. The present paper highlights the need for Western States to update and exploit the full potential of their legal instruments in order to prevent restrictions on collective and individual religious freedom in matters of marriage.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduction - 2. Religious education in Italian public schools: general framework - 3. Religious education in public schools: the situation of Islam - 3.1. Some data about the Islamic presence in Italy - 3.2. Religious education and Islam - 4. The religious education in plural Italy: challenges and gaps - 5 - Muslims at school and Religious Education: which solutions? - 5.1 Alternative 1: private schools - 5.2 Alternative 1-bis: Homeschooling - 5.3 Alternative 2: introduction of lessons about religion - 5.4 Alternative 3: Muslim pupils and their participation in the Catholic religion lessons - 6. Conclusions: challenges, problems and future perspectives.

SOMMARIO: 1. “L'islam. Dal pregiudizio ai diritti”, ossia dove, come e perché il pregiudizio diventa diritto - 2. La nuova legge regionale del Veneto e il ricorso del Governo - 3. Ancora tu, ma non dovevamo vederci più? La sentenza n. 67 del 2017 della Corte costituzionale. Prime riflessioni su un guerra in corso.

SOMMARIO: 1. L’edilizia di culto nella giurisprudenza costituzionale: i principi ispiratori della materia in assenza di una ‘legge quadro’ del legislatore statale - 2. Le leggi regionali ‘antimoschee’ davanti alla Corte costituzionale: l’applicazione dei principi - 3. Il cambio di destinazione d’uso e la definizione di ‘luogo di culto’ - 4. Brevi cenni sulla vicenda della ‘moschea’ a Milano.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Luoghi pubblici e simboli religiosi - 3. Rispetto del dialogo e delle diversità interculturali - 4. L’evoluzione della laicità in Europa - 5. Osservazioni conclusive.

Which protection for the fundamental freedom of religious symbols?

Abstract: Starting from the analysis of the French Council of State’s decision on the case “burkini” (August 26th 2016), this paper examines the issues on the interaction between the acceptance of the religious minority’s symbols by the majority and the acceptance of the dialogue and cultural diversity. Taken into account is the process of secularism-neutrality of public space and the interference of the civil judiciary in the religious sphere declined in different models of secularism of the French, Italian and European jurisdictions.

SOMMARIO: 1. Le ripartizioni islamiche – 2. La realtà cristiana mediorientale - 3. Gli Yazidi - 4. Chiese etniche e realtà statuali in Medio-oriente – 5. Il sistema degli statuti personali - 6. Valutazione negativa da parte dell'Islam della laicità dello Stato - 7. Irrealizzabilità di uno stato laico in Medio-oriente - 8. Atti terroristici e fondamentalismo islamico. È guerra di religione?