Contenuti per la categoria: Diritto ecclesiastico (Storia del)

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Il congresso israelitico di Ferrara (1863) - 3. Il disegno di legge Vacca del 1865 - 4. Il congresso israelitico di Firenze (1867) - 5. Conclusioni.

The legal framework of the italian Jewish communities in the first decade of Italy’s unification

ABSTRACT: The essay deals with the unification of the normative structures of the Italian Jewish communities after the Unity, by reconstructing the extensive debate that took place in the Jewish context. It then analyzes the legislative proposal of extending Rattazzi's law of 1857 to the entire national territory, which was presented by the Italian government to the Parliament in 1865. Finally, it gives an account, through a vast and largely unpublished archival documentation, both of the choice of individual communities to maintain the legal systems in force in the pre-unitary italian States, and of the attempts, advanced in the parliamentary center between the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century, of abrogation of the Rattazzi's law, considered, due to its jurisdictional traits, in contrast to the principles of the liberal State.

SOMMARIO: 1. Da Lutero alla Pace di Westfalia. Tra potestas indirecta e tolleranza - 1.1. Il cammino verso il modello laico illuminista. Hobbes, Locke e Spinoza - 2. I fondamenti illuministici della laicità - 2.1 Il contributo di Voltaire e Rousseau alla costruzione della laicità francese - 2.2. La libertà religiosa come nuova componente della laicità. Immanuel Kant - 3. I profili germinali della laicità - 3.1. Rapporto Stato/chiese - 3.2. Rapporto Stato/credenze religiose - 4. Conclusione.

Germinal Profiles of Secularism

ABSTRACT: The principle of secularism, as we usually think about it, is the outcome of sociological and historical events and the direct result of reflections of political morality. The present essay will provide a reflection about the “germinal profiles” of secularism. Starting with the breaking of Christian unity, arising from the Protestant reformation, the essay focuses on the strategy regarding the relations between State and Church, on the one hand, and between State and religious beliefs, on the other.

SOMMARIO: Sistemi di classificazione dei rapporti e individuazione degli interlocutori istituzionali delle confessioni religiose - 2. Il “laboratorio” dell’Europa dell’Est come luogo di sperimentazione del pluralismo intra confessionale - 3. La gestione delle relazioni tra Stato e confessioni religiose attraverso gli uffici - 4. I problemi nuovi posti dal moltiplicarsi delle confessioni nei diversi paesi europei - 4.1. L’area baltica - 4.2. (segue) Le Repubbliche russofone - 4.3. (segue) Le Repubbliche dell’Europa Centrale - 4.4. (segue) I Balcani Orientali - 4.5. (segue) I territori della ex Repubblica Jugoslava - 4.6. (segue) Le scelte differenziate delle Repubbliche ex jugoslave in materia di Rapporti tra Stato e confessioni religiose - 5. La felice anomalia albanese - 6. Un contributo all’elaborazione di linee guida ai rapporti tra Stato e confessioni religiose in Europa.

Confessions and religious communities in Eastern Europe, religious pluralism and legislative policies of the States

ABSTRACT: The intervention reconstructs the supporting lines of the activity of the national office of each legal system in charge with the maintenance of the relations between the State and the confessions and religious communities in the Eastern European countries. Through this perspective, the ecclesiastical politics of 19 countries is reconstructed, highlighting the genesis and the peculiar characteristics of their legislations and highlighting the underlying lines that are at the root of the choices of their systems. Particular attention is dedicated to the definition of the different models to which the States refer in relation to their effectiveness in maintaining religious peace while respecting the principle of equality and freedom among the various religious confessions. The article aims to be a contribution to the development of guidelines for relations between the state and religious confessions in Europe.
 

SOMMARIO: 1. - Premessa - 2. Costituzione della repubblica romana e costituzione della repubblica italiana: interesse di una comparazione - 3. L’assemblea costituente - 4. I principi fondamentali - 5.  Diritti e doveri dei cittadini - 6.  L’organizzazione della repubblica romana - 7. Natura e peculiarità della carta costituzionale della repubblica romana. In particolare, la procedura di revisione e la rigidezza della costituzione -  8. Conclusioni.

SOMMARIO 1. Introduction - 2. Premise - 3. Ancient history - 4. Roman law - 5. Aquinas and Canon law - 6. 16th Century: Protestantism and the mercantile era - 7. 17th century: Jusnaturalism - 8. 18th century and 19th centuries: industrialization and capitalism - 9. The prohibition of riba - 10. Similarities between the sharia prescriptions and the ancient Jewish ones - 11. Riba and its recent openings - 12. Riba prohibition in the twentieth century and the sharia-compliant financial instruments - 13. Solutions - 14. Islamic Finance - 15. Conclusions.

ABSTRACT: The article addresses the theme of usury taking into account various viewpoints and traditions, pausing in particular on the Western and Islamic notions of lending at interest, in order to outline its distinctive features in the present days as well as throughout its historical evolution. The author applies a comparative research method, examining both the differences and similarities between the Western and Muslim concept of usury so to present an accurate picture of the phenomenon. In fact, the article aims at answering the latest questions concerning the possibility for the Muslim model to be a valuable resource in overcoming the keep going financial crisis.

SOMMARIO: 1. L’infanzia di Pietro - 2. Il rione degli stranieri - 3. La Grande Ambasciata - 4. L’inizio delle riforme - 5. Pietro e il monachesimo - 6. Il manifesto sulla tolleranza religiosa - 7. Pietro e la religione - 8. La subordinazione della Chiesa - 9. Feofan Prokopovyč e il suo ruolo determinante - 10. L’abolizione del Patriarcato - 11. Il Santo Sinodo governante e la paralisi della Chiesa.

The Protestant Influence on the Church Reform of Peter the Great

ABSTRACT: Peter the Great first comes into contact with the outside world through long familiarity with the German Quarter, a fluctuating Muscovite community of foreigners with its Lutheran and Calvinist churches, and with subsequent and extensive travel in the Protestant Lands (1697-1698), where he has ample time to appraise the role of sovereign as head of the church. The relationship of the tsar to his church is paradoxical; on the one hand, it emanates laws contrary to the principles sanctioned by the Church's Councils and organizes blasphemous parodies with The All-Joking, All-Drunken Synod of Fools and Jesters; conversely, he imposes rigidly traditional religious behaviors on the military. Rejecting his role and duty as Servant of the Salvation of Souls, he assumes a secular stance: Protector of the wellbeing of the community, (Vsenarodnaja pol’za). This swerve subordinating Church to sovereign undergoes elaborate scrutiny by Feofan Prokopovyč, apologist and theologian with Protestant leanings, who, in light of the abolition of the Patriarchate and the institution of the Holy Synod, affirms the principle of cuius regio eius et religio, openly challenging the position of the locum tenens Stefan Javors’kyj.

SOMMARIO: Presentazione - Interventi di G. Fauceglia (ordinario di Diritto commerciale nell’Università degli Studi di Salerno) e di G. D’Angelo (associato di Diritto ecclesiastico e canonico nell’Università degli Studi di Salerno) - Relazioni - E.M. Marenghi (ordinario di Diritto amministrativo, già Preside della Facoltà di Giurisprudenza dell’Università degli Studi di Salerno), L’esperienza di Maria Cristina Folliero nella Facoltà giuridica salernitana - S. Domianello (ordinario di Diritto ecclesiastico e canonico nell’Università degli Studi di Messina), Il pensiero di Maria Cristina Folliero nell’ambito degli studi di Diritto ecclesiastico e canonico - Intervento conclusivo di A. Vitale (già ordinario di Diritto ecclesiastico e canonico nell’Università degli Studi di Salerno).

SOMMARIO: 1. Primo quadro: magazzino normativo – 2. - Secondo quadro: analisi storico-giuridica – 3. Terzo quadro: il futuro.

State and religious organisations. The Politics of the sources of law

ABSTRACT: The paper intends to verify if religious freedom in the Italian legal system is undergoing a crisis. In particular, is the concept of religious freedom of the Constituent Assembly still good? Is it necessary to reform the regulation of religious freedom? Similar questions are posed with regard to the current relationship between State and religions.

SOMMARIO: 1. Un piccolo volume destinato a uso degli studenti universitari e dei candidati ai concorsi pubblici (carriera direttiva) - 2. Il diritto ecclesiastico negli anni settanta - 3. Sette capitoli, inseriti in due parti e un’Appendice, sulla Natura dei Patti lateranensi.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa: fatti privati ed eventi storici di un decennio importante nella storia italiana - 2. Una tavola rotonda sul decennio 1958-1968 - 3. La disciplina costituzionale sui rapporti tra Stato e confessioni religiose. Un saggio recente sull’art. 7 della costituzione - 4. Nuova attenzione al tema dei rapporti tra Stato e Chiesa cattolica alla fine degli anni Cinquanta - 5. Il processo al Vescovo di Prato - 6. Il concilio Vaticano II e le trasformazioni della società italiana negli anni sessanta - 7. La morte di Togliatti. Le tendenze della giurisprudenza - 8. Il dibattito culturale e politico sulla riforma della legislazione ecclesiastica.

1958-1968: an important decade in the history of the relationship between “Stato e chiese” in Italy

ABSTRACT: Individuals and experiences that, in the years between 1958 and 1968, had an important influence on the civic and political growth of the author. The experience of the participation in a conference on the historical period of the decade from 1958 to 1968. The constitutional provision on relations between the State and the Catholic Church in second post-war Italy, seen in the evaluation of a book published in 2017: critical considerations. New focus was given to the issue of relations between the State and the Catholic Church in the late fifties. The trial of the Bishop of Prato in 1958. The Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965 and the transformation of Italian society in the 1960s. The death of Togliatti on 21st August 1964 and the political consequences for Italy. Tendencies in the jurisprudence on the theme of relations between the state and religious confessions. The cultural and political debate on the reform of ecclesiastical legislation. After 1968, in Italy as in other countries, the phenomenon of extraneousness between the legal state and the real state is highlighted.