Contenuti per la categoria: Famiglia

SUMMARY: 1. Introduction - 2. Parental authority and the inherent rights of the minor. The best interests of the minor - 2.1. Conflicting rights. The current understanding of parental authority - 2.2. Limits to parental authority. Personality rights - 2.3. The minor’s consent in surgical procedures - 2.4. Circumcision and the best interests of the minor. An act which falls within parental authority? - 3. Criminal responsibility in acts of circumcision for religious motives - 3.1. The criminal approximation to female genital mutilation - 3.2. Circumcision in criminal jurisprudence - 4. Concluding remarks. De iure condendo contributions.

SUMMARY: 1. Problem description - 2. Business based on commercial “surrogacy” is immoral and inhuman in nature, can be defined as the organisation and implementation of hidden child trafficking and mediation in such trade - 3. Illegal presumption and positioning of a child (whose birth “surrogacy” is aimed at) as an object of a commercial transaction, which is endowed with the characteristics of a product and consumer commodity properties, in “surrogacy” transactions - 4. Ideologically motivated, manipulative substitution of the concepts of the mother of the child and a woman-donor of an ovum, claiming to have a child born as a result of the “surrogacy” technologies use - 5. The practice of “surrogacy” is a gross violation of the child's rights, first of all, the child's right to his/her natural mother - 6. Legal and actual inconsistency and defectiveness of classifying commercially motivated “surrogacy” as an assisted reproductive technology and a form of high-tech or other medical care - 7. Reduction of the value and role of a woman as the mother to the value and role of a paid, commercially exploited living “human incubator”, a means of production by technology and the industry of “surrogacy” - 8. Risks of using children “obtained” as a result of “surrogacy” for criminal purposes - 9. Conclusions.

ABSTRACT: This article presents a critical legal and bioethical analysis of the legal framework and practice of using the technology of commercial surrogacy («surrogate motherhood») - as a paid service provided in the interests of a third party (customers, third parties) with the subsequent transfer ("alienation") of this child to the customer of such a service. In conclusion a moral assessment of such actions is given.

SOMMARIO: 1. Il caso - 2. La normativa di riferimento - 3. Interruzione di gravidanza e diritto alla privacy - 4. Nel nome della madre e del figlio mai nato - 5. I cimiteri dei feti - 6. Osservazioni conclusive.

A for abortion: The Scarlet Letter in XXI century in the “Garden of angels”.

ABSTRACT: The work analyzes in a juridical key the story of the burial of an abortive product, in the "garden of the angels" (Flaminio cemetery in Rome). The burial, which took place without the mother's consent, is marked by a cross with the woman's personal data. This circumstance raises several critical profiles, examined in the article, regarding the right to privacy, the right to self-determination and freedom of conscience.

SOMMARIO: 1. La legge sul divorzio e la sua conferma nel referendum del 1974 – 2. La riforma del diritto di famiglia: legge 19 maggio 1975, n. 151 - 3. Bibliografia.

SOMMARIO: 1. Israele, uno Stato ‘ebraico’ e multiculturale? - 2. Il sistema degli statuti personali e la tutela delle relazioni familiari - 3. Matrimoni, divorzi e Corti religiose - 4. Pluralismo, multiconfessionismo e dinamiche demografiche. Prime conclusioni e prospettive di ricerca.

Forms and practices of the religious pluralism in the State of Israel. The Ottoman inheritance and the protection of family relationships.

ABSTRACT: The essay aims to explore, also in a historical perspective, the general characteristics, peculiarities and limits of the differentiated protection of family relationships in force in the legal system of (State of Israel), still based on the millet system. It allows the application of the personal statutes of the various ethnic-religious communities (Jewish, Muslim, Druze, Christian) present on the territory, not only to regulate the legal institutions typical of family law - especially marriage and divorce -, but also for the resolution of disputes on the matter that are devolved to the jurisdiction of the religious Courts of several religions. In examining the effectiveness and functionality of this model of religious and cultural pluralism, the study highlights the delicate problems of relevance and coexistence of the different religious normative complexes in the Israeli state system.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Brevi cenni sul contesto normativo internazionale - 3. La valenza della prassi internazionale: in particolare, il ruolo degli organismi internazionali indipendenti - 4. La giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo e la rilevanza delle convinzioni religiose dei genitori - 5. Segue: il rispetto del diritto all’educazione dei minori - 6. Il limitato rilievo dei principi generali a tutela dei minori e la necessità di riconoscere loro un locus standi in sede processuale.

Children's right to religious freedom: between international norms and practice

ABSTRACT: Religious freedom is considered a cornerstone of democratic societies, a vital element that contributes to forming the identity of believers and, with reference to minors, the course of their education and upbringing, accompanying them to adulthood. In international law studies, the right of minors to religious freedom, understood as the set of international obligations imposed on States, in both the negative and positive senses inherent in its achievement, has been little explored. The paper aims to identify systematic elements to help reconstruct the “minimum” content of a child’s right to religious freedom, pursuing two main lines of investigation: one relating to the exercise of freedom of worship in the various social contexts in which minors grow up; the other inherent in the educational project that leads them to adulthood. Recognition of the child of a locus standi in the independent court of law compared to that of the family members in charge of his care will help to realize the subjectivity of the child even in such a sensitive subject matter as religious freedom.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. La genitorialità intenzionale nell’attuale giurisprudenza italiana - 3. Profili critici - 4. La questione di illegittimità costituzionale - 5. Scenari possibili.

The Sins of the Fathers. Comment to Corte di Cassazione, judg. n. 8325 April 29th 2020

ABSTRACT: This essay examines the Italian judgement (Ordinanza) n. 8325, issued on April 2020, that has raised a question of constitutionality against the jurisprudential address which, appealing to the limit of the public order, excludes the Italian recognition of foreign jurisdictional decisions that ascertain the right to be inserted - as an intentional parent - in the birth certificate of a child born through the so-called “surrogate motherhood”. In particular, after a survey of the current Italian case law (§ 2) and the problems that it raises (§ 3), the essay examines the arguments advanced by the judgement (§ 4), wondering about its possible outcomes (§ 5).

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa: lo Stato di diritto e alcuni suoi corollari - 2. La ‘rivoluzione clandestina’ conseguente al recente fenomeno dell’espansionismo giurisprudenziale - 3. La giurisprudenza italiana in materia giusfamiliare: un esempio eloquente di giurisprudenza creativa - 4. L’affidamento condiviso e il diritto alla bigenitorialità secondo i giudici italiani - 5. L’assegnazione e la perdita della casa coniugale secondo i giudici italiani - 6. L’affidamento dei minori a soggetti terzi e la responsabilità genitoriale secondo i giudici italiani - 7. Il mantenimento diretto secondo i giudici italiani - 8. L’ordine di distrazione di somme dovute da terzi a uno dei coniugi secondo i giudici italiani - 9. Conclusioni.

Legislation versus Case Law (with special regard to Family Law).

ABSTRACT: Starting from historical analysis of the knowledge of ‘Rechtstaat’, the following essay is dedicated to the evolution of domestic juridical system, particularly with reference to the attitude of the Italian courts towards legislation. That’s like attending a kind of ‘clandestine revolution’: case law does not seem anymore submitted to statutory legislation, but statutory rules are neglected and manipulated by judicial order. This is particularly clear in family law; that means that judges make law against legislation by the use of general clauses. This essay outlines the necessity of adherence to positive law as guarantee of certitude and defence against arbitrariness and judicial excess, contrary to the authors who claim that law-making is essential to the jurisdictional role.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione - 2. I precedenti giurisprudenziali - 3. Un nuovo ruolo per i giudici tunisini? - 4. La tutela dei diritti e delle libertà: tra comparazione e fiqh - 5. Profili comparatistici. Il processo di rettifica del genere in una pronuncia della Corte d’appello di Beirut - 6. Considerazioni conclusive.

A landmark decision concerning gender rectification in Tunisia: the right to a private life between comparative law, international law and fiqh

ABSTRACT: The decision of the Tribunal of Tunis, concerning gender rectification in public registries of a transgender FtM person who underwent sex reassignment treatment, is an example of innovative case law. The judgment, changing the previous case law, is characterized by the use of the comparative method, so that, in the grounds for ruling, legal principles from different foreign jurisdictions and the fiqh coexist. Specifically, the Tribunal of Tunis, showing an open and dialogical approach to other jurisdictions and legislations of the globe, has consecrated the fundamental human right of gender rectification in public registries, rarely recognized in other Arab countries.

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción - 2. El concepto de educación-enseñanza, vinculado a la libertad religiosa y el pluralismo - 3. El proselitismo o incitación articulada para compartir una opción de vida - 4. El concepto de adoctrinamiento, como conducta lícita e ilícita - 5. Consecuencias jurídicas: la educación y sus parámetros - 6. Consecuencias jurídicas: El proselitismo legítimo y el abusivo o ilícito - 7. Los conflictos del proselitismo en el seno de la familia, según el TEDH - 8. Consecuencias jurídicas: el “adoctrinamiento” en la educación familiar y reglada - 9. El adoctrinamiento en los tipos penales - 10. Conclusiones.

Education, proselytism and indoctrination: profile and legal treatment

ABSTRACT: Nowadays the identity is a big question, and his preservation depends by a great deal on the education, the proselytism and the indoctrination. These three concepts, close and complex, demand a juridical explanation. This study looks for to light up them, in the European and Spanish context, through the legislation and the case-law.