SOMMARIO: 1. Una tematica che ha suscitato interesse- 2. Novità formali e sostanziali dell’attività concordataria di Giovanni Paolo II - 3. Ragioni storiche di un fenomeno in espansione - 4. Un Papa giurista o un Papa pastore? - 5. Alcune considerazioni finali.
SOMMARIO: 1. Trasformazioni economiche e dinamiche sociali − 2. Centralità della persona umana nella dottrina sociale cattolica − 3. Luci ed ombre del sistema economico contemporaneo − 4. Esigenze di regolamentazione dei mercati internazionali − 5. Il primato del “bene comune” sugli interessi particolari.
Size "public" of the papal magisterium: fragments of social teaching on the world economy
ABSTRACT: The Catholic Church for several years devoted particular attention to the economic processes of the world, drawing on ideas that enrich the overall picture of its "social doctrine". In this case, the papal teaching proved to be quite sensitive to the phenomena of globalization that are investing also global economic system. This paper intends to analyze some key points of the papal reflection on the subject, highlighting the relevance "public", which is gradually to assume the contribution of Catholic social teaching around the overall dynamics of the global economy.
SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. I primi statuti della Cei - 3. Lo statuto del 1965 e l’attuazione delle disposizioni conciliari - 4. Responsabilità ed autonomia della Cei del post-Concilio: gli statuti del 1971 e del 1977 - 5. La Cei interlocutore ecclesiale dell’autorità civile - 6. Attualità e prospettive tra fine e inizio millennio. Gli statuti del 1998 e del 2000.
SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. S. Agostino - 3. S. Tommaso d’Aquino - 4. Francisco de Vitoria - 5. Francisco Suarez - 6. Problemi attuali.
ABSTRACT: At the present time, the complexity of international relations make us to reflect on ideologies that in past centuries, opening the modern history, helped to organize the international life and the relations between peoples and between States. Especially Hugo Grotius, Samuel von Pufendorf and Emmer de Vattel are to be regarded as founders of modern international law, but it would be a serious shortcoming for the scholar the oversight of the work of some spanish theologians and jurists, such as the dominican Francisco de Vitoria and the jesuit Francisco Suarez which, starting from the 16th century, have developed principles that are fundamental results in international law. The universal character of the christian message has had many applications in the social and legal sphere, requires that the human race constitutes one family and that the spirit of christianity is directed toward each institution aimed to prevent disputes between States and between the peoples become violent clashes, destruction or massacres. In ancient period the most important contributions that have enriched the catholic doctrine as well as its teaching in these matters were those of St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas. In augustinian and thomistic doctrine the war must be regarded as a last resort to which it is not used that after having verified the impossibility to safeguard the good right; again, that the legitimate end of the war is not the victory, but the peace in justice, namely that is the restoration lasting public order in which everything is repositioned in the right place. The affirmative answer to the question if you can give a just war is the key element that is remained a fundamental basis in catholic morality. The war can be considered lawful under certain conditions; but it is nevertheless a profound injustice, as a result of the sins of humanity against the virtue of charity. An important part of the teaching of the spanish theologian Francisco de Vitoria, was especially concerned by the problems created in Spain by the conquest and colonization of Latin America. He was considered the true founder of international law from many specialists. He put in question the conviction then widespread that indigenous not enjoyed human rights, i.e. rights brought from civilization. The dominican theologian rejected these views because he was inspired by the natural law, which must regardless of profession of the true religion which regards the guidelines toward the personal spiritual salvation. Reflecting on the thought of the spanish jesuit Suarez, we are devoting, in particular, our attention to the “jus gentium”. The expression is not related to the international relations between peoples and between nations, what happened in the evolution that subsequently took the expression. Originally the expression jus gentium was referring to some of the rules common to all peoples; in some way a natural right, which led to consider the community of nations as forming a great social community, governed by a set of rules, principles, morals, rights, and duties, according to the needs or opportunities or indications of human nature that is the work of a single Creator. This concept has opened the way to the idea of international law understood as complex rules in relations between nations. In the contemporary era the concept of just war must be considered in a different way and must take account of two considerable elements: the lawfulness of the just war should be read today in harmony and with the observance of an “jus cogens” which goes beyond the respect for the territorial integrity and political independence of a State and then the use in war of deadly weapons, even for the civilian population, which upset the reflection on just cause for a war. We believe that this has fostered a rethinking of catholic doctrine and the positions of the Pope John Paul II who undertook very on the theme of peace and war: he had shown himself absolutely contrary to the war and, again, he seemed to want to overcome the doctrine of the just war. There are those who in the catholic world believes that today it is no longer possible to speak of just war and that the war can no longer be regarded as a means of resolving disputes between States. But before humanity some questions remain.
SOMMARIO: 1. Paganesimo e monoteismi mediorientali - 2. Sinagoga e chiesa - 3. Chiesa e regno di Dio. Critiche recenti al sistema costantiniano - 4. I dati biblici. L’orizzonte del regno di Dio - 5 Tutti i popoli e tutte le lingue (Is. 66, 19) - 6 Il regno come escatologia inaugurata - 7. L’ideologia neo-davidica sottostante al regime di cristianità.
Negli anni trenta del secolo scorso compare nelle Università italiane una disciplina accademica del tutto nuova: il diritto canonico. Può indubbiamente sorprendere che si possa attribuire tale qualifica a una scienza giuridica che può vantare una storia plurisecolare, almeno da Graziano in poi, ma per quanto concerne in quel tempo i pubblici atenei del nostro Paese essa appare del tutto giustificata e sotto vari profili. (Continua)
SUMMARY: The spirit of the present contribution: “the economics as if the person would count” – 1. Essential notes on the “popular capitalism” in the thought of Luigi Sturzo - 2. The economical liberty and the rules’ liberalism – 3. Synthesis considerations.
ABSTRACT: Without any claim of exhaustiveness, these brief notes seem to give a key of reading to individuate the links between the Sturzian thought and the teaching of the Encyclical Caritas in veritate: maybe between the ecclesiastical law and economics. For a more detailed and complete analysis, it will be necessary that the analyst considers that the Caritas in veritate does not want to be an economics treaty, rather a theological-pastoral document whose argumentations are in the point of conjunction between the social sciences and the Christian anthropology that judges and connects them
SOMMARIO: 1. Considerazioni introduttive. Natura essenzialmente laicale della responsabilità politica - 2. L’intervento della Chiesa nel dibattito pubblico su questioni inerenti alla vita sociale e politica. I principi c.d. non negoziabili - 3. Fondamentale libertà dei fedeli rispetto alle indicazioni della gerarchia in materia temporale – 4. La funzione di orientamento dei pastori della comunità ecclesiale e i confini dell’intervento della stessa – 5. I limiti alla libertà dei fedeli in materia temporale: il rapporto tra libertà e verità e la salvaguardia delle esigenze etiche fondamentali e irrinunciabili per il bene comune e della società – 6. Benedetto XVI e l’invito a una nuova generazione di cattolici impegnati in politica. La difesa della centralità della persona umana come compito primario dei credenti impegnati nel governo della città terrena – 7. (segue) L’impegno a favore della promozione di un concetto positivo di laicità, aperto alla Trascendenza − 8. (segue) La politica come forma singolare di realizzazione della carità – 9. (segue) La dottrina sociale della Chiesa come strumento di formazione essenziale e guida sicura per i fedeli laici impegnati nell’ambito socio-politico – 10. Considerazioni conclusive. Doveri, rispettivi, dello Stato e della Chiesa affinché si conservino, o se necessario si creino le condizioni esterne idonee e necessarie allo svolgimento dei compiti dei christifideles laici nella polis.
SOMMARIO: 1. Una scelta di metodo – 2. Gli orientamenti magisteriali – 3. Il rapporto fra ministerium e officium – 4. Istituzione e costituzione degli officia – 5. La pluriforme costituzione degli officia – 6. La concretizzazione degli officia tipici dei laici e dei religiosi – 7. Sulla titolarità degli officia – 8. Un’organizzazione articolata per officia – 9. Autonomia e responsabilità nella gestione degli officia.
SUMARIO: 1. Premisa metodológica – 2. Presupuestos teológicos y jurídicos: justicia, caridad y mediación – 3. El episcopado y la tutela de los fieles: la mediación episcopal – 4. La canonización jurídica y la mediación en el ámbito canónico – 5- La actividad administrativa en la Iglesia Católica y la figura del Defensor del fiel – 6. Los conflictos en la comunidad católica y las vías alternativas al proceso canónico.