Contenuti per la categoria: Diritto canonico

For a critical analysis of the war experience in the Western civilisation (from war-duels to the “blind” ban on so called aggression) 

ABSTRACT: In taking up the threads of a meditation recently begun in this Journal, the Author manages to update its profile within an increasingly decisive criticism of the Briand-Kellogg pact: unnatural resolution of the dialectic between national interests in a pure et simple of so-called aggression of one state by another. The criticism moves in particular from the nature, no less brutally political than the war itself, of the UN decision to ban the alleged aggressor, without any analysys whatsoeverof the underlying reasons that constituted the basis for it, in the presence of a shared judging body and impartiality, capable too of suggesting possible conciliatory measures also with regard to the damage already caused by the war. The essay concludes by deriving the need to overcome the noted backwordness of the UN Charter on this point, channeling it into the context of a culture of “mild law”, inclined to wards the gradual overcoming of the “sovereign state” model, in the context of the recent development of nonimperial federal forms of coexistence and non- violent collaboration between nations.

SOMMARIO: 1. Una premessa - 2. Sull’uso della forza nella rivoluzione oceanica - 3. Tra legittimismo ottocentesco e rivolta delle nazioni - 4. Sulle note di anarchia dei rapporti internazionali fra le due guerre mondiali - 5. (segue). ... e sulla fondamentale questione dell’impotenza giudicante dell’ONU - 6. Conflitto e aggressione nell’anarchia succeduta alla Santa Alleanza - 7. (segue) ... contro l’autodichia esasperata delle potenze egemoni - 8. Itinerari alternativi (non bellici) alla decisione di guerra -9. (segue) ... in tema di costituzioni europee e di coercizione nei trattati “di pace” - 10. Verso orizzonti nuovi in materia di riformismo costituzionale?

De Albanensium seu Græcorum peculiari cura habenda. The religious condition of the Italo-Albanians in Calabria during the post-Tridentine age. Historical and legal outlines

Abstract: The invasion of Albania by the Turks in 1478 forced many Albanians to emigrate in the Kingdom of Naples and, in particular, in the Calabrian provinces. These Albanian refugees continued to speak their language and most of all to profess the Catholic religion, but according to the Byzantine rite. The liturgical and doctrinal diversity of this rite led, over the years, Calabrian bishops and priests following the Roman rite to be wary and suspicious towards these canonical practices. Nevertheless, the Holy See was generally benevolent towards the Italo-Albanian Catholic Church allowing the devotes the free exercise of religious practice, protecting diversity and encouraging the education of clerics, by enacting a series of important measures over the Centuries. This paper aims to focus, from a legal-historical perspective, the events concerning the Byzantine rite in Calabria between the 16^th and the 18^th Centuries, through the analysis of the decrees of some diocesan synods and some of the most important papal measures that allowed the Albanians of Calabria (arbëreshë) to resist the attempts of “Latinization” and at the same time to confirm, despite the diversity, their belonging to the Catholic Church. 

SOMMARIO: 1. Una premessa - 2. Gli albanesi di rito greco nella Calabria post-tridentina fra sospetti di eterodossia e tentativi di latinizzazione: le disposizioni di alcuni sinodi diocesani - 3. I Pontefici di fronte alla ‘questione’ degli italo-albanesi: dal XVI Secolo alla fondazione del Collegio Corsini.

The art treasures of the Vatican in the Lateran Treaty

ABSTRACT: Drawing inspiration from a recent initiative by the Pontiff, the contribution focuses on the peculiar juridical condition of the art treasures kept in the Vatican City, resulting from a series of provisions of the Lateran Treaty, other international conventions and recent Vatican legislation on the protection of cultural heritage. The result is a complex and articulated regulatory framework that underlines the role of the Holy See as a custodian and guarantor of one of the greatest historical and artistic heritages of humanity.

SOMMARIO - 1. Un gesto ecumenico di papa Francesco - 2. L’art. 18 del Trattato lateranense - 3. L’articolato quadro normativo attuale - 4. Suggestioni e questioni emergenti - 5. I tesori d’arte del Vaticano e la loro peculiare condizione giuridica - 6. Osservazioni conclusive.

ABSTRACT: The article analyzes the recent Latvian Law by which the State unilaterally declares the autocephaly of the Latvian Orthodox Church. The latter was previously under the Patriarchate of Moscow and all Russias. In addition, the study illustrates the changes made to the Law of Latvia, on the legal status of this Church. Much emphasis is put on the violation of the principle of separation, enshrined in art. 99 of the Latvian Constitution, further addressing the tendency to change the ecclesiastical policy of the European Union as a result of the war in Ukraine.

SUMMARY: 1. The State proclaims by law the autocephaly of the Latvian Orthodox Church - 2. Birth and development of the Latvian Orthodox Church - 3. The Religious Freedom Law and its amendments - 4. The Law on the Latvian Orthodox Church and the amendments made by the Saeima in 2019-2022 - 5. State legislative intervention, separatism and the Constitution - 6. Separatism, secularism and neo-jurisdictionalism in the European Union.

A leading guide for the new generations of Ecclesiastical and Canon Law scholars, the ones who got questions instead of offering answers

ABDTRACT: These brief notes just pretend to suggest some issues concerning a deepened anthology of essays written by an influential scholar, presented and collected by his colleagues of different approaches and generations. It definitely means to underline peculiar and still not completely explored issues in both Ecclesiastical and Canon Law: the liberty of conscience and the importance of religious freedom in defending fundamental human rights, the scientific purpose to investigate and analyse the still ongoing relevance of a renewed "Church" for a changing world. Rinaldo Bertolino's thoughts seem in this sense a gift to the youngest scholars, encouraging them to have more questions than answers.

Riflessioni sul “giusto processo” in diritto canonico, sullo sfondo del riequilibrio in corso fra diritti e poteri nella Chiesa cattolica *

Reflections on due process in canon law, against the background of the ongoing rebalancing of rights and powers in the Catholic Church *

SOMMARIO: 1. Tra ‘agàpe’ e storia. Una premessa neotestamentaria - 2. (segue) Potere giudiziario e sovranità binaria. Il diritto divino dei vescovi - 3. “Heri dicebamus”? Sul tentativo curiale di ridurre il Vaticano II a mero evento culturale - 4. Origini e sviluppo dell’opposizione anticonciliare: il terreno del processo - 5. La prima controriforma vaticana: la “Nova agendi ratio in doctrinarum examine” - 6. Resilienze (non sopprimibili) di una costituzione materiale parallela? - 7. Persistenze storico-culturali di fatti compiuti prevaricanti e diritto di resistenza - 8. (segue): a) Su un “golpe Gasparri” in danno di due diversi progetti di giustizia amministrativa - 9. b) … e sulla “falsa” giustizia amministrativa del card. Grocholewski (e suoi) - 10. c) Lo sconcerto della scoperta nel clero di pratiche corruttive su minori - 11. (segue) … e l’abnorme deriva inquisitoria dei processi de delictis gravioribus - 12. Sulla voluta inattuazione dei tribunali amministrativi interdiocesani - 13. Sulle odierne, inedite sperimentazioni in tema di contenzioso matrimoniale - 14. Tra rescritti di giustizia e giurisdizione inter partes: un sottaciuto tema fondamentale - 15. Dalla frammentazione (relitto amaro di incertezze strategiche) a un ritorno al Lateranense IV?

ABSTRACT: The essay notes a continuity, starting with the Tridentine, in the deviation from the fundamental principles of what we today call 'due process', imposed by Innocent III since the Council Lateran IV. The progressive spread of special jurisdictions seemed to express the degradation of certain principles and values of medieval common law, from which canon law was gradually moving away. The 1917 code is to be seen as the final sanction and ratification of that involutional process. The author then examines the 1983 reform, which moved between reforming timidity and curial overbearingness: the special jurisdictions were untouchable; the planned chapter on administrative tribunals was deleted in extremis. The impression is that no serious follow-up has been given to the reforms ordered by Paul VI in fulfilment of the Council mandate, starting with the Doctrinal Dicastery. In fact, the centralist innovation as codified in 1917 substantially persists. It is to this petrified block, rebuilt under the two pontificates following Pope Montini, that Pope Francis I attempts to react with innovative ideas that however appear technically imprecise, and in many ways inadequate to the actual dimensions of the Holy See's overall non-fulfilment of the conciliar mandate. Against the backdrop of these perhaps promising innovative signs, Pope Francis appears on the other hand invariably opposed by the Curia, both in the field of substantive and procedural law.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Il contributo in generale dell’Avvocato al processo matrimoniale - 3. Il ruolo dell’Avvocato nella fase pregiudiziale - 4. Il libello quale cardine del Processus brevior - 5. Il ridimensionamento del ruolo del DV nel Processus brevior - 6. La centralità del ruolo dell’Avvocato quale conseguenza anche del ridimensionamento delle attribuzioni del Tribunale - 7. Conclusioni.

 The Attorney’s contribution for the purposes of Processus brevior

ABSTRACT: This paper concerns the centrality of the attorney in the Processus brevior. Because the Processus brevior’s particular structure compresses the ordinary canonical resources granted by the Legislator to the subjects involved in a matrimonial trial, the attorney becomes its principal director. In particular, the Libellus in a Processus brevior is not a canvas as in the ordinary process but becomes a script binding all parties intending to go ahead with this special canonical instrument until the desired sentence declaring the nullity of marriage.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. Il caso del Montenegro: identità nazionale e identità religiosa - 3. La costruzione di un’identità nazionale - 4. Prodromi di un divorzio annunciato - 5. Personalità giuridica delle Chiese e patrimonio religioso - 6. Beni culturali contesi - 7. Verso una risoluzione dei contrasti con la Chiesa ortodossa serba? - 8. Patrimonio culturale montenegrino e ruolo delle organizzazioni internazionali - 9. Conclusioni.

 Religious freedom, cultural heritage and identity: the case of Montenegro

ABSTRACT: With the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, the Balkan populations found themselves having to face the necessity of replacing their common Slavic origins with national identities that found a solid point of reference in religion. The cultural heritage, at first common thanks to Tito's unifying work, became again the heritage of the single nationalities and the object of ethnic-local identity claims. In this situation, the anchorage to cultural heritage and the particular care taken by governments to claim its management and control, become instruments of identity whose effects inevitably reverberate on the delicate balance between the religious communities present in the different territories. The case of Montenegro shows the complicated relationship between the protection of cultural heritage, national identities and religious belonging to the different components of Orthodoxy, each of which claims exclusive and unique ownership over their respective territories, thus contributing to rewrite the contents of cultural heritage, reducing it to an increasingly local dimension. Thanks to the work of international organizations such as UNESCO with "its" world heritage and the Council of Europe, which is working to promote diversity and dialogue in the field of cultural heritage, this regains its dignity, respecting the citizens' feelings and their quality of life.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione: per una transizione ecologica integrale - 2. La varietà dei modelli eco-culturali dei soggetti del pluralismo etico-religioso - 3. Le associazioni animaliste e lo stile di vita vegano - 4. Le comunità smart dell’economia collaborativa sostenibile - 5. Le imprese socialmente responsabili - 6. Le “società benefit” - 7. I domini collettivi e le cooperative di comunità nella gestione dei beni comuni - 8. La tutela dei siti naturali d’interesse culturale - 9. Le organizzazioni agresti di impegno sociale - 10. Il sostegno finanziario delle banche etiche allo sviluppo sostenibile - 11. Conclusione: un ulteriore impegno per l’ecclesiasticista.

Integral ecology and ethical-religious pluralism

ABSTRACT: The contribution intends to attest the interest for the scholar of ecclesiastical law for the phenomenon of ecological transition, in which some confessional bodies, as well as groups, associations and communities of people who are differently oriented from the ethical-cultural point of view, driven by a resilience movement induced by the social and environmental crisis, they are involved in various ways. They, in pursuing what Pope Francis defined, in the encyclical Laudato si', “integral ecology”, combine attention to the protection of creation and the expression of the personality of man, through the implementation of initiatives based on a new development model.

Sommario: 1. La perfezione del creato come epifania di Dio - 2. Lo sguardo laico e quello della Chiesa di fronte al disordine ecologico - 3. La creazione come atto di affidamento all’uomo - 4. Ineludibili implicazioni etico-giuridiche del munus di custodia. Dall’aversio alla conversio: rieducare alla responsabilità solidale - 5. Conclusioni.

 Aversio to Deo: the origin of ecological reflection in the papal magisterium from Leo XIII to Francis

ABSTRACT: This study aims to retrace some fundamental stages of the Social Doctrine of the Church in relation to the emergence of sensitivity on the issues of the environmental question which translates into the magisterium of the Popes, from Leo XIII onwards, with the ecological question understood in a broader sense. The key point is represented by the identification of man's responsibility for his aversion to Deo and the custody mandate that was entrusted to him by the creator. The solution can be found in the recovery of respect for the natural order and solidarity between creatures in the frame of human ecology.