Contenuti per la categoria: Religione e società

SOMMARIO: 1. Alla ricerca del popolo - 2. Il popolo politico - 3. Il popolo religioso - 4. L’intreccio populistico ereditato - 5. L’intreccio populistico in atto - 6. L’assalto dell’anti-pluralismo - 7. L’antidoto della laicità.

Populism, Religions, Law

ABSTRACT – The political populism has a background that is not easily detectable: the sense of religious or the sacred that enlivens the holistic view, without intermediate groups, of the people. The political populism needs symbols and goes to the ancient religious image. This tissue is looming on the law plan because aims to break up the fundamentals principles of the constitutional state, particularly the citizens equality according to their cultures and identities. To counter the innate antipluralism of the populism there soars the principle of secularism with its content of respect for the differences and, under this point of view, limit of the popular soveregnty.

SOMMARIO : 1. Liminaire - 2. Les transformations du droit de liberté religieuse - 3. Transformations européennes, circulation de modelés et “universalisme modeste” - 4 Pour une “saine osmose” entre sphère séculière étatique et sphère religieuse.

For a shared political agora around the Mediterranean

ABSTRACT: The right to religious freedom is in profound transformation on both sides of the Mediterranean. While the Muslim presence shows European difficulties in the treatment of the collective dimensions of this right, the southern shore is confronted with the demands connected to the individualization of beliefs. On both sides, the challenge of freedom of conscience and religion and of the construction of pluralist constitutional democracies proposes ancient questions in renewed terms, soliciting a new rediscovery of the answers given by the universalistic constitutionalism of the second post-war period.

SOMMARIO: 1. Una premessa sul possibile accostamento tra whistleblowing e gli attuali strumenti ecclesiali volti ad assicurare l’emersione degli abusi sessuali del clero - 2. Cenni sulla tipica fattispecie di whistleblowing disciplinata dalla normativa anticorruzione vaticana - 3. Gli errori della gerarchia ecclesiastica nella gestione della crisi degli abusi sessuali del clero sui minori - 4. Il mutamento di approccio al problema e la normativa canonica “emergenziale” degli ultimi anni - 5. Le analogie tra la posizione di soggezione del sacerdote autore della denuncia e quella del whistleblower - 6. La permanente assenza di un obbligo “giuridico”, di fronte al significato del ribadito obbligo “morale”, di denuncia all’autorità giudiziaria statale - 7. Il conflitto tra la rivelazione della notizia di reato e l’obbligo di conservazione del segreto - 8. Rilievi conclusivi.

Italian Regulation of “Whistleblowing” and Reporting of Child Sexual Abuses in the Church

ABSTRACT: The paper deals with new rules of Catholic Church which provide whistleblower protections for all members of clergy who report clergy sexual abuse to the local Ordinary: this conduct shall not constitute a violation of office confidentiality; furthermore, prejudice, retaliation or discrimination as a consequence of having submitted a report is prohibited. On the contrary, new church law doesn’t mandate reporting of sex abuse to police. The essay faces these topics by comparing canon law with Italian regulation on “whistleblowing” as provided for by law n. 179/2017.

SOMMARIO: 1. Brevi considerazioni introduttive - 2. Mutilazioni genitali femminili: una questione anche italiana - 3. Profili risarcitori e misure repressive: il quadro normativo italiano - 4. Art. 583 bis c.p.: riflessioni sulla formulazione della norma - 5. Strategie integrate, approccio globale e multisettoriale nella lotta al fenomeno - 6. Inclusione sociale, sensibilizzazione delle coscienze e metamorfosi delle condotte nella strada maestra della prevenzione - 7. Politiche assistenziali e misure di protezione delle donne a rischio e delle vittime nelle strategie di prevenzione.

FGM between prevention and contrast measures: eradication perspectives of the phenomenon in Italy.

ABSTRACT: FGM includes practices of total or partial cutting or external genital lesions of women for no therapeutic reason. They are carried aut for socio-cultural or hygienic-prophylactic causes. Moreover, these rituals are also practiced by some religious communities despite the lack of impositive precepts in sacred texts. FGM is also widespread in Italy and it is constitute a violation of women’s human rights and child abuse. The Italian State fights the phenomenon with external and internal actions, through strategic measures of prevention, protection and assistance for victims. FGM does not exclude compensation for damage to the health of the women involved. In Italy, a new type of crime has been introduced with the art. 583 bis c.p. However, the rule has not been widely applied. This issue needs to faced up on a global level. Above all, it is necessary to persuade those who follow the practice to be the main actors of their own change.

SOMMARIO: 1. - La fisionomia del diritto di libertà religiosa nello spazio europeo: due sistemi a confronto - 2. La giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo in materia di libertà religiosa individuale: le nuove prospettive sul divieto di porto di simboli religiosi - 3. La Corte di giustizia e la libertà religiosa: l’(apparente) risvegliato interesse - 4. Brevi considerazioni conclusive.

Freedom of religion before European Courts

ABSTRACT: This essay aims to investigate the content of the right to religious freedom in the European Court of Human Rights’ and the EU Court of Justice’s case law. As a matter of fact, the approach of these courts appears to be very different. While in the Strasbourg Court’s case law this right is gradually recognized more and more clearly and the legitimate restrictions foreseen in the Convention are interpreted with increasing restraint, the Court of Luxembourg rarely applies the right recognized by art. 10 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights in a direct way and often decides the cases through the lenses of an extensive interpretation of the EU anti-discrimination law.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. L'incapacità consensuale nel matrimonio - 3. Evoluzione della Giurisprudenza ecclesiastica - 4. Le nuove dipendenze - 5. Le radici della dipendenza patologica - 6. Sex addiction - 6a - Dipendenza da pornografia - 6b. Dipendenza da cyber pornografia - 7. Dipendenza dal lavoro (Work addiction) - 8. Il collezionismo patogeno - 9. Dipendenza dalla chirurgia estetica - 10. Dipendenza dallo shopping - 11. Dipendenza da selfie - 12. Dipendenza dal gioco d'azzardo - 12a. Dipendenza da Trading on line - 12b. Dipendenza dai videogiochi - 13. Dipendenza dallo sport o exercise addiction - 14. Internet addiction e psicotecnologie - 14a. Dipendenza da email - 15. Dipendenza dalla televisione - 16. L'incidenza delle nuove dipendenze sulla capacità di intendere e di volere - 16a. Gli effetti delle nuove dipendenze sulla capacità consensuale matrimoniale - 17. Considerazioni conclusive.

New dependencies in relation to the ability to issue a valid matrimonial consent

ABSTRACT: This article identifies and outlines the new addictions or psychiatric disorders that, whilst not deriving from the abuse of substances, still manages to make a person incapable of self-determination and make free and mature decisions. In recent years, the psychological distress in which many people find themselves living is taking on specific characteristics and is affected by social and cultural elements that make the process of developing emotional-affective skills, the possibility of having a certain identity and the achievement of stable balances very hard. To the already known pathologies are therefore added new ones often associated with borderline-narcissistic personality disorders; drug-free addictions are to be counted among the psychiatric disorders in which social, cultural, economic and psychological elements emerge. Those elements make these new problems interesting and relevant in the present-day but also difficult to insert into certain diagnostic frames.

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. La pregiudiziale belga: causa C-157/15, G4S Secure Solution - 3. La pregiudiziale francese: causa C-188/15, Bougnaoui e ADDH - 4. Le pronunce “gemelle” della Grande Sezione della Corte di giustizia: la sentenza 14 marzo 2017, Achbita, EU:C:2017:203 e la sentenza 14 marzo 2017, Bougnaoui, EU:C:2017:204 - 5. Uno sguardo alla più recente dottrina ecclesiasticistica - 6. La giurisprudenza della Corte Edu: la sentenza Eweida e altri c. Regno Unito del 15 gennaio 2013 (ricorsi nn. 48420/10, 59842/10, 51671/10 e 36516/10) - 7. Osservazioni conclusive.

Freedom to express religious beliefs in the workplace: brief notes on the Achbita and Bougnaoui cases

ABSTRACT: This paper seek to address the delicate issue of religious freedom, from a juridical perspective, analyzing the Achbita and Bougnaoui cases and comparing it with the Eweida one. It intends to elaborate some of the key question of the doctrinal debate on the links between the expression of one's religious beliefs and the workplace. Can neutrality be a valid defense against discriminations? To what extent can the religious freedom of the worker be sacrificed in favor of the business freedom? These are just some of the questions that are posed to the interpreter and to the scholar of ecclesiastical law. They require a careful evaluation of the values involved and the search for solutions of high balance and responsibility.

SOMMARIO: 1. La nuova retorica della sicurezza - 2. Il terrorismo cosiddetto islamista - 3. Il diritto penale preventivo e la libertà religiosa - 4. Deradicalizzazione e/è laicità - 5. Sicurezza e libertà: per un orientamento costituzionale.

Security and Prevention of so-called Islamic Terrorism: Freedom and its discontents

ABSTRACT: Security is becoming the priority of the western politics because of the international terrorism, so called Islamic terrorism. The preventive character that the criminal law takes in order to fight it risks hiting the religious freedom of the citizens, misinterpreted as participation to terroristic groups. The risk is high when the prevention measures consist in the deradicalization, read as religious re-education in unfundamentalist direction. In the constitutional State of law, a fair deradicalization has to aim only to the re-education about the separation between politics and religion so as to not prejudice the right of religious freedom.

SOMMARIO: 1. Singolarità della natura giuridica di ciascuna fabbriceria - 2. La controversa natura ecclesiastica delle fabbricerie - 3. Il patrimonio delle fabbricerie come “bene comune” economicamente rilevante - 4. L’interesse pubblico per la gestione comune delle fabbricerie - 5. Le poche fabbricerie attuali: una diversa dall’altra - 6. Le attuali fabbricerie: enti a esaurimento e a numero chiuso - 7. Tre diverse tipologie per le attuali fabbricerie - 8. Il controllo pubblico sulle attuali fabbricerie - 9. La controversa ecclesiasticità delle attuali fabbricerie - 10. La controversia circa la natura pubblica o privata delle attuali fabbricerie (un’eredità delle Onlus) - 11. La diversità di opinioni circa la natura giuridica delle diverse fabbricerie - 12. L’impatto della riforma del Terzo settore sulla natura giuridica delle attuali fabbricerie - 13. Quali conseguenze per le fabbricerie Onlus? - 14. L’irrilevanza giuridica di una previa qualificazione pubblica o privata comune alle attuali fabbricerie - 15. La plausibilità del ricorso da parte di alcune attuali fabbricerie alla qualificazione di “impresa sociale” - 16. Conclusione.

The legal nature of “fabbricerie” in the light of the Third Sector Law reform

ABSTRACT: The “fabbricerie” (fabrique in French: untranslatable into English) are ancient institutions responsible for the administration of the asset of some particularly important churches (for example, cathedrals). For the most part, they administer an invaluable artistic and cultural heritage. However, their legal discipline is controversial, especially after the approval of the recent reform of the Third Sector. This contribution briefly reconstructs the situation and expresses an orientation contrary to their equivalence with the new “Enti del Terzo settore”, but inclined to the possibility to give them (rectius: to some of them) the qualification of “impresa sociale”.

SOMMARIO: 1. Il sistema di accoglienza in Italia. Una premessa - 2. L’accoglienza per fasi e per status. Brevi cenni - 3. Le seconde accoglienze in Italia - 4. Il D.lgs n. 142 del 2015 e l’attuazione della Direttiva “Accoglienza” dopo la legge n. 132 del 2018. Un regresso di tutele? - 5. La tutela della libertà di culto nel sistema di accoglienza in Italia. L’inquadramento normativo - 6. La condizione del migrante tra libertà e dignità (negate) - 7. Dignità umana, libertà religiosa e identità del migrante nella gestione del fenomeno immigratorio in Italia. Un primo bilancio.

The Protection of Religious Freedom of Migrant in the Italian Reception System. An introduction

ABSTRACT: This essay concerns the issue of protection religious freedom in the reception system of migrants in Italy according to the current immigration legislation.