Contenuti per la categoria: Autonomia e libertà delle Chiese

SOMMARIO: 1. La direttiva europea 2000/78/CE e le organizzazioni di tendenza - 2. Il caso Egenberger c. Evangelisches Werk dinanzi alla Corte di giustizia - 3. La sindacabilità dei provvedimenti confessionali in materia di lavoro - 4. I controlimiti alla disapplicazione della direttiva - 5. L’obbligo giudiziario di conformazione del diritto nazionale a quello europeo - 6. Il divieto di discriminazione sul lavoro alla stregua della Carta dei diritti del cittadino europeo.

No difference of treatment on grounds of religion or belief and religious organizations

ABSTRACT: It’s the first time that the Court of Justice E.U. deals with the limits of the exemption from ban on discrimination on grounds of religion or belief in favour of organisations the ethos of which is based on religion or belief. The German law implemented softly the directive 2000/78/CE favouring that ethos, as interpreted by those organizations, and consequently limiting the judicial review merely to its plausibility. Viceversa according to the European Court the religion or belief must constitute a genuine, legitimate and justified occupational requirement, having regard to the organisation’s ethos and the proportionality principle (even though not explicitly recalled by the directive). So an exhaustive judgement allows an objective, not spiritualistic, evaluation of the occupational activities and therefore a stronger legal protection of workers under articles 10, 21 and 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.

SOMMARIO: 1. Esigenze di uniformazione delle fonti europee di diritto derivato e protezione del principio di favor religionis nella Carta costituzionale italiana. Alla ricerca di un punto di equilibrio - 2. Possibilità e limiti di esenzione dalla normativa europea circa il trattamento dei dati personali intraconfessionali - 3. Ammissibilità di soluzioni normative confessionali ‘complete’ e ‘conformi’ al regolamento europeo ... - 4. … e di un intervento dello Stato volto al ripristino della legalità costituzionale - 5. Gli strumenti di tutela: il ruolo dell’autorità di controllo nazionale e di un’ipotetica authority confessionale nella prospettiva di un coordinamento interordinamentale necessitato.

Protection of sensitive religious data and confessional autonomy. Reflections for an interpretation secundum Constitutionem of the European regulation n. 2016/679

ABSTRACT: The contribution proposes an interpretation in conformity with the Italian Constitution of the European regulation n. 2016/679 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data, which will be applied in the Member States from 25 May 2018. An interpretation that protects the constitutional principle of confessional autonomy and the fundamental rights and freedoms of the person, reconciling them when necessary.

SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione: per un pluralismo “ragionevole” di fronte ai mutamenti sociali - 2. Dalla teoria alla pratica: alcuni aspetti della “questione” islamica nelle contraddizioni politiche e giuridiche del presente - 3. Una premessa di metodo: la libertà religiosa nel modello democratico costituzionale. Aporie persistenti e spunti di riforma (ma siamo ancora agli inizi) - 4. Diritto fondamentale alla moschea vs “Registro pubblico delle moschee” - 5. Un Albo per gli imam (e altre cose) - 6. Conclusioni.

Religious Freedom and the right of Muslim communities. Some critical remarks on two recent draft laws on mosques and imams

ABSTRACT: This contribution starts from the proposal of two draft laws on Islam in Italy (one on the legal status of mosques and the other on imams), which deal with concrete issues that the country faces, taking into consideration the multicultural context of Italy. So far, the approach of the Italian political class has been quite conservative and not willing to take into account possible solutions offered by the Constitution, such as the protection of basic human rights. The solutions have been more focused on the potential lack of trust towards Muslim communities and on legal solutions not fully integrated within a wider European approach. The proposed solutions appear therefore to be more the result of ad hoc approaches, influenced by considerations of real politik, than tools fully in line with the requirements of the Constitutional protection of human rights.

SOMMARIO: 1. Il contenuto delle proposte di legge c. 2976 e c. 3421 (Garnero Santanchè e Palmizio) e i profili di incostituzionalità - 2. La necessità politico-normativa di un altro approccio agli Islam. Rivitalizzazione dello strumento delle Intese e legge generale sulla libertà religiosa come antidoti alla lenta deriva del riassetto normativo della legge sui culti ammessi - 3. Allegati.

The law Santanchè-Palmizio proposals about the Mosques and Imams register: a refurbishment attempt of the law n.1159 / 1929?

ABSTRACT: The article examines and comments the contents of the legislative proposals c. 2976 and c. 3421 (Garnero-Santanchè and Palmizio) and their unconstitutionality profiles . At the end of this parliamentary term, this examination is also the basis for thinking about political and normative necessity of another approach to Islam and, at the same time, revitalizing the Agreements instrument and the general law of religious freedom, so that they can constitute a concrete antidote to the slow and creeping drift of the normative reorganization of the law on the admitted cults.

SOMMARIO: 1. Le Sharia court: origini, attività e scopi - 2. Alcuni dati statistici - 3. Un’ulteriore evoluzione: l’Arbitration Act e il Muslim Arbitration Tribunal - 4. Il discorso dell’arcivescovo di Canterbury e reazioni - 5. Il Private Members’ Bill della baronessa Cox - 6. La risposta dell’Islamic Sharia Council - 7. Un dibattito ancora in corso: Friend or Foe?

Sharia Courts. History and evolution of Muslim courts in the United Kingdom

ABSTRACT: In the last thirty years the United Kingdom has experienced the formation and surge of so-called Sharia courts or councils, unrecognised Muslim tribunals with purpose of settling disputes using Islamic religious law. Their stated objectives include providing advice and assistance in the operation of Muslim family life, establishing a bench of scholars to operate as a council, making decisions on matters of Muslim family law, and promoting an enlightened practice of the Muslim faith by Muslims living in the UK.

This paper analyses the origins, evolution and functioning of these councils, with emphasis on the lively public debate initiated in 2008 following the Archbishop of Canterbury’s remarks and followed with the bill proposed by Baroness Cox. An overview of the relations between Sharia councils and the State is presented, while providing insight on future scenarios.

SOMMARIO: 1. Considerazioni introduttive - 2. Il quadro normativo - 3. Le soluzioni giurisprudenziali - 4. Riflessioni conclusive.

The ‘debaptism’, between religious freedom and implicit rules. Hints of comparative law

ABSTRACT: The problem of cancellation from baptismal registers seems to have come to a final solution, thus being no more interesting. Nonetheless, it can still be useful to analyse it from a comparative point of view. The study of the various solutions proposed by the different legal systems allows finding out ‘implicit’ juridical principles, which condition the interpretation and the implementation of positive rules. It can be especially remarked a convergence of arguments and results between legal systems formally inspired to distinct models of State-religions’ relationship - such as the French and the Italian legal systems. This convergence highlights the existence, at a latent level, of common cultural conceptions of the religious experience, fashioned by the Christian religious paradigm; these conceptions tend to shape the concrete contents of both the right to religious freedom, and the right to personal identity, protected by personal data laws.

SUMARIO: 1. El concepto de bien cultural de interés religioso en el ordenamiento intaliano y el peculiar relieve cuantitativo y cualitativo de los bienes culturales de interés religioso referibles a la Iglesia católica - 2. El recorrido, paralelo y autónomo, del Estado y de la Iglesia hacia una disciplina concordada de los bienes culturales de interés religioso - 3. El art. 12 delAcuerdo de Villa Madama: el principio de cooperación entre el Estado y la Iglesia en su respectivo ordenamiento para la tutela del patrimonio histórico y artístico - 4. La armonización de la aplicacón de la ley italiana en materia de bienes culturales con las exigencias de carácter religioso: el interés nacional - 5. (continuación) Los acuerdos a nivel regional - 6. Breves consideraciones conclusivas.

ABSTRACT: The article reconstructs the evolution of the protection of the historical-artistic heritage of the Catholic Church in Italy as a revealing index of ways of understanding the relationship between temporal dimension and spiritual dimension.

SOMMARIO: 1. Attualità del diritto di libertà religiosa - 2. La libertà religiosa e la sfida del pluralismo confessionale - 3. L’affermazione del diritto di libertà religiosa in Europa -  4. Evoluzione espansiva del diritto di libertà religiosa. Tradizione anglosassone e approccio europeo ai diritti - 5. Dimensione negativa o di garanzia e dimensione positiva o promozionale del diritto di libertà religiosa - 6. Dimensione positiva dei diritti e obblighi di solidarietà: la logica del sistema pattizio - 7. Il sistema italiano di tutela del diritto di libertà religiosa - 8. Legislazione ecclesiastica e proposte di riforma - 9. Il progetto di legge generale sulla libertà religiosa - 10.  Evoluzione del quadro normativo e progetti di riforma - 11. Organizzazioni agnostiche e strutture confessionali: un’assimilazione controversa - 12. Il sistema pattizio come garanzia di pluralismo confessionale e di piena integrazione.

Religious freedom and proposals of reform of the Italian law concerning religious denominations

ABSTRACT: This paper, after briefly recalling the importance of religious freedom in Western civilization and its progressive identification as a fundamental right all over the world, examines the legal framework of religious freedom in the Italian law system. In doing so, it underlines the distinction between the negative and positive aspects of the right, calling for a different attitude on behalf of the State according to the different common law and civil law systems. In the end, taking into account the principles of the Constitution and the Italian Constitutional Court’s case law, it critically addresses the current debate on the proposal of a State statute concerning the exercise of the right of religious freedom for individuals and, above all, for denominational groups without an agreement with the State.

SOMMARIO: 1. Crescente attenzione verso le fabbricerie e il loro organo di amministrazione - 2. Una recente sentenza del TAR Toscana sul consiglio di amministrazione delle fabbricerie - 3. La posizione del vescovo diocesano nei riguardi delle fabbricerie.

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción - 2. Libertad de enseñanza de las confesiones religiosas, autonomía y límites - 3. Aproximación general a los delitos de odio. Particular referencia al artículo 510 del Código penal español - 4. Libertad de enseñanza de las confesiones religiosas y delitos de odio. Algunos ejemplos -5. Libertad de expresión y discurso del odio en el Consejo de Europa - 6. Libertad de expresión y discurso del odio. Una perspectiva constitucional -7. Conclusiones.